{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:22:58Z","timestamp":1780582978284,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,3]],"date-time":"2005-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1130976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Masticatory muscle myositis (MMM) is the most common inflammatory myopathy (IM) in dogs, associated with antibodies against myosin. To further elucidate the immunopathogenesis, we investigated muscles of 53 dogs with MMM, 32 dogs with polymyositis (PM), and 4 dogs suffering from both, with regard to the presence and location of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells, B cells, macrophages, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II antigens, and autoantibodies. CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells were found in MMM (91%) and PM (75%), mostly paralleled (68% and 61%) by enhanced expression of MHC class I antigen on muscle fibers. CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells invading intact and neighboring necrotic muscle fibers were present in MMM (39%) and PM (42%). Dogs with MMM lacking intramuscular (26%) and circulating (36%) autoantibodies also had CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell infiltrations and muscle\u2010fiber lesions. Since MHC class I antigen and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells were detected in the presence of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, regardless of antimuscular antibodies, we consider MMM and PM in the dog as a CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell\u2013mediated immunopathological disease that initiates muscle\u2010fiber destruction and leads to production of myosin autoantibodies. Muscle Nerve 2006<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,16]],"date-time":"2005-11-16T14:47:51Z","timestamp":1132152471000},"page":"215-224","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evidence for MHC I\u2013restricted CD8<sup>+<\/sup> T\u2010cell\u2013mediated immunopathology in canine masticatory muscle myositis and polymyositis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Neumann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Bilzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410230210"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(80)50013-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06032.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/62.5.464"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.5.1863"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","first-page":"424","volume":"82","author":"Bilzer T","year":"2001","journal-title":"Prakt Tierarzt"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","first-page":"833","article-title":"Nekrotisierende Myopathien beim Hund","volume":"11","author":"Bilzer T","year":"2000","journal-title":"Differentialdiagnose, Therapie und eigene Ergebnisse. 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