{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T21:57:13Z","timestamp":1774907833959,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,23]],"date-time":"2005-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1132704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this work was to determine the role of peripheral facial muscle reinnervation in the central reorganization of the blink reflex (BR) after hypoglossal\u2013facial anastomosis (HFA). An electrophysiological study was performed on seven patients who underwent HFA after facial nerve transection during surgery for acoustic neuroma. HFA was performed within 15 days after surgery in five patients (group 1) and later for the two others (group 2). We studied the motor responses (MR) and the BR evoked on the affected side, before and over 3 years after the HFA. The MR appeared by the third month for the first group, and by the sixth and twelfth for the second group. After 36 months, the amplitude of MR was significantly higher than its control value, showing hyperinnervation of the facial muscles. Study of the BR evoked only an R1\u2010type blink response that was observed 4 and 6 months after the MR for groups 1 and 2, respectively. This central reorganization appeared closely correlated with muscle reinnervation and its related timing. The occurrence of peripheral nerve\u2013muscle contacts seems to be a necessary condition for reorganization of the trigemino\u2013hypoglossal\u2013facial reflex. Muscle Nerve, 2006<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,23]],"date-time":"2005-11-23T17:46:50Z","timestamp":1132768010000},"page":"334-341","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Related timing for peripheral and central plasticity in hypoglossal\u2013facial nerve anastomosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Bernat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Vitte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georges","family":"Lamas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Soudant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Claude","family":"Willer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Tank\u00e9r\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903530109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903380206"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00231128"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)90930-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198804000-00010","article-title":"Electromyographic rehabilitation of facial function and introduction of a facial paralysis grading scale for hypoglossal\u2010facial nerve anastomosis","volume":"98","author":"Brudny J","year":"1998","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489409126118"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989411100603"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200202000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00230421"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(96)00039-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000111214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/100.2.265"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(86)90426-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(86)90425-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","first-page":"771","volume-title":"Recent advances in clinical neurophysiology","author":"Kayamori R","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/75.3.385"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","first-page":"S373","article-title":"Clinical investigation of hypoglossal\u2010facial nerve anastomosis","author":"Kunihiro T","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2000.00264.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01526185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1006531"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(98)00953-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199607)19:7<848::AID-MUS6>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199808)21:8<1013::AID-MUS5>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02177-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00171704"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)91139-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(82)90133-6"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; 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