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Foot structure evolved toward pes cavus from early childhood to adolescence, although a subgroup with normal and planus feet remained. Foot strength increased with age, although compared to age\u2010equivalent norms it declined from 4 years. Factors associated with evolving foot deformity included muscle weakness\/imbalance, restricted ankle flexibility, and joint hypermobility. Regression modeling identified dorsiflexion weakness, global foot weakness, and difficulty toe\u2010walking as independent predictors of motor dysfunction, while pes cavus and difficulty heel\u2010walking were predictors of poor walking ability. Foot problems are present from the earliest stages of the disease and can have a negative impact on function. Early foot and ankle intervention may prevent long\u2010term disability and morbidity in CMT1A. Muscle Nerve 39: 158\u2013166, 2009<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,14]],"date-time":"2009-01-14T21:28:11Z","timestamp":1231968491000},"page":"158-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Evolution of foot and ankle manifestations in children with CMT1A"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Joshua","family":"Burns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique M.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Ouvrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01202412-200004000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/36.12.1324"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8966(01)00193-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.32.5.413"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.33.5.340"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880120408"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10299"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(02)00053-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/120.5.813"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2516.2007.01429.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","volume-title":"Bruininks\u2010Oseretsky test of motor proficiency","author":"Bruininks RH","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foot.2005.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070502600708"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2006.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2006.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/J006v27n04_06"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2007.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.1070"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/82.8.762"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh693"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.4.1061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.12.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/103.2.259"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.21325"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03014469700005262"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199707000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.123653"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.10114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.62.4.310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(03)00068-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2005.35.8.479"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8027.2008.00159.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1146-1-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2005.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2008.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2006.tb01229.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20961"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-6362(02)00062-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.56.7.401"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_2","volume-title":"Using multivariate statistics","author":"Tabachnick BG","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.07.301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpo.0000151057.39485.4b"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; 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