{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T17:22:53Z","timestamp":1758475373673},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]],"date-time":"2008-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1228953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study we sought to determine whether axonal damage in severe Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) was secondary to critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) in the intensive care unit (ICU) by reviewing comorbidities in patients who had initial and follow\u2010up electromyographic (EMG) studies. Patients were classified as demyelinating (EMG\u2010D) or axonal (EMG\u2010A) according to findings on the second EMG. A critical illness (CI) score, derived from components of the APACHE II score, assessed the severity of critical illness in the ICU. Forty\u2010one patients were admitted to the ICU and had a follow\u2010up EMG. Of these, 28 (68%) developed an EMG\u2010A pattern. There was no difference in the timing of the second EMG (mean, 23 days) between the two groups. The mean CI score (10.7 for EMG\u2010A vs. 9.2 for EMG\u2010D, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.47) and frequency of sepsis (89% vs. 77%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.36) were similar between the groups. Mean strength (0\u2013100, Medical Research Council scale) and Hughes disability scores for the EMG\u2010A group were significantly worse at admission, nadir, and discharge. EMG\u2010A patients had significantly more days on the ventilator (25 vs. 11), in the ICU (26 vs. 15), and in the hospital (29 vs. 18). Sixty\u2010eight percent of patients with GBS in the ICU developed axon loss, but this was not related to the usual precipitants of CIP. Muscle Nerve 39: 10\u201315, 2009<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]],"date-time":"2008-12-11T19:50:45Z","timestamp":1229025045000},"page":"10-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Influence of critical illness on axonal loss in Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Doreen","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiran","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth C.","family":"Gorson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allan H.","family":"Ropper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880080609"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880120602"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-196905000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410270707"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","series-title":"Peripheral nerve disorders","first-page":"262","author":"Bolton CF","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.6.1644"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410230407"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-0968.2004.00183.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.7.1277"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(93)90324-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.6.913"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/NCC:3:3:195"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440512"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)92644-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.40.2.156"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410230406"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410090705"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880110714"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199711000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.3_Part_1.471"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"613","article-title":"The Landry\u2013Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome. 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