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We studied intercostal muscle fibers from five subjects with HOPP and one with TPP. TPP was studied when the patient was thyrotoxic (T\u2010toxic) and euthyroid. We measured: (1) I<jats:sub>Kir<\/jats:sub>, (2) action potential thresholds, (3) I<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, (4) G<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, (5) intracellular [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>], and (6) histochemical fiber type. HOPP fibers had lower I<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, G<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, and I<jats:sub>Kir<\/jats:sub> and increased action potential thresholds. Paralytic attack frequency correlated with the action potential threshold, G<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub> and I<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, but not with I<jats:sub>Kir<\/jats:sub>. G<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, I<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, and [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] varied with fiber type. HOPP fibers had increased [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]. The subject with TPP had values for G<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, I<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, action potential threshold, I<jats:sub>Kir<\/jats:sub>, and [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] that were similar to HOPP when T\u2010toxic and to controls when euthyroid. HOPP T\u2010toxic TPP fibers had altered G<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, I<jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>, and I<jats:sub>Kir<\/jats:sub> associated with elevation in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]. Muscle Nerve, 2010<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,29]],"date-time":"2010-06-29T14:46:41Z","timestamp":1277822801000},"page":"315-327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["I<sub>Na<\/sub> and I<sub>Kir<\/sub> are reduced in Type 1 hypokalemic and thyrotoxic periodic paralysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Araya","family":"Puwanant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert 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