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The thymus plays a major role in the pathogenesis of MG with anti\u2010AChR antibodies: it shows marked pathologic alterations (hyperplastic or tumoral) in most AChR\u2010positive patients and contains the elements required to initiate and sustain an autoimmune reaction (AChR autoantigen, AChR\u2010specific T cells, and autoantibody\u2010secreting plasma cells). In this study we review early and more recent findings implicating the thymus as site of AChR autosensitization in MG and briefly discuss the therapeutic role of thymectomy. We also summarize data showing that the MG thymus is in a state of chronic inflammation, and we review emerging evidence of a viral contribution to the onset and maintenance of the thymic autoimmune response. 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