{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:04:50Z","timestamp":1773288290140,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,15]],"date-time":"2011-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1316044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>: Skeletal muscles of <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic> mice lack functional levels of dystrophin due to a mutation in <jats:italic>Dmd<\/jats:italic> exon 23. Morpholino antisense oligomers can induce expression of a truncated dystrophin by redirecting splicing to skip processing of exon 23. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>: We tested whether systemic administration of Vivo\u2010Morpholino, an octaguanidine delivery moiety\u2013Morpholino conjugate that targets exon 23 (VMO23), restored function to muscles of <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic> mice. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic> mice were weaker, less powerful, and showed greater functional deficits after eccentric contractions than normal. VMO23 treatment normalized EDL force and power of <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic> mice and eliminated their exaggerated sensitivity to eccentric contractions. Diaphragm muscle strips from <jats:italic>mdx<\/jats:italic> mice also produced lower\u2010than\u2010normal force and power, and these variables were restored to normal, or near\u2010normal, levels by VMO23 treatment. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: These results provide a functional basis for continuing development of VMO23 as a treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Muscle Nerve, 2011<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,4]],"date-time":"2011-04-04T14:57:44Z","timestamp":1301929064000},"page":"563-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["An octaguanidine\u2013morpholino oligo conjugate improves muscle function of <i>mdx<\/i> mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey J.","family":"Widrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung Jun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannon T.","family":"Knuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul 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