{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T01:19:16Z","timestamp":1769217556600,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,17]],"date-time":"2011-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1318809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction:<\/jats:italic> Spinobulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an inherited adult\u2010onset motor neuron disease caused by the expansion of a polyglutamine tract within the androgen receptor. Autonomic nervous system involvement (ANS) is not considered part of SBMA. The aim of this study was to assess autonomic cardiovascular function in 5 SBMA patients. <jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> Five quantitative autonomic function tests (AFTs) were performed in 5 SBMA patients. Plasma noradrenaline (NA) concentration in patients and in 5 healthy subjects was also measured. <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> AFTs were abnormal in 4 of the 5 patients, and plasma NA concentration was significantly reduced in patients with respect to controls. <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> The impairment of cardiovascular responses to AFTs in addition to reduced plasma NA concentration observed in our patients suggests subclinical involvement of the ANS in Kennedy disease. 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