{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T17:51:01Z","timestamp":1791049861204,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,29]],"date-time":"2013-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1369785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Proximal axonotmesis results in the release of neurofilament (Nf) proteins into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS). High CSF levels of the phosphorylated form of Nf\u2010heavy chain (NfH<jats:sup>SMI35<\/jats:sup>) at GBS onset have been reported to be a poor prognostic marker, but routine measurement of CSF NfH<jats:sup>SMI35<\/jats:sup> levels has not been done and the longitudinal profile of CSF NfH<jats:sup>SMI35<\/jats:sup> levels in GBS is not known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective case series describes the clinical, neurophysiological, and biomarker characteristics of 3 patients with severe GBS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>High and increasing levels of CSF NfH<jats:sup>SMI35<\/jats:sup> in serial CSF samples were associated with poor clinical and electrophysiological outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data further suggest that CSF NfH<jats:sup>SMI35<\/jats:sup> could be a prognostic biomarker which might indicate the development of retrograde axonal degeneration or additional proximal axonal damage during the course of GBS. <jats:italic>Muscle Nerve<\/jats:italic>, 2013<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]],"date-time":"2012-12-14T07:49:19Z","timestamp":1355471359000},"page":"132-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Serial cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament heavy chain levels in severe Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Irena","family":"Dujmovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine Department of Neurology &amp; Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Centre of Serbia Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael P.","family":"Lunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases &amp; Neuroimmunology and CSF Laboratory National Hospital for Neurology Queen Square London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary M.","family":"Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Molecular Neuroscience UCL Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Petzold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Institute of Neurology Department of Neuroinflammation London, UK &amp; VUmc Department of Neurology De Boelelaan 1117 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"1462","article-title":"Sur un syndrome de radiculo\u2010nevrite avec hyperalbuminose du liquide cephalo\u2010rachidien sans reaction cellulaire. 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