{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T11:24:42Z","timestamp":1780485882633,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,20]],"date-time":"2013-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Tokyo Hospital"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the long\u2010term effects of leuprorelin on leg\u2010muscle strength in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBMA<\/jats:styled-content>). We hypothesized that testosterone suppression by leuprorelin would prevent the progression of muscle weakness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a prospective, long duration, open trial, 16 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBMA<\/jats:styled-content> patients underwent medical castration with leuprorelin for 3.5 years. Chlormadinone was coadministered initially to prevent a testosterone surge. The strength of knee extension and flexion were quantitated using a torque machine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our hypothesis was rejected. The leg strength measures decreased significantly with the mean reduction of 22.3\u201327.8%. In a <jats:italic>post hoc<\/jats:italic> analysis, the leg strength of 4 patients with higher pretreatment baseline total testosterone levels and short disease duration of 1\u20136 years were stronger at baseline and decreased by only 12.3\u201315.7% after treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Leuprorelin was not effective in this small long\u2010term treatment trial in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBMA<\/jats:styled-content>. The possibility that earlier treatment might be beneficial may deserve further study. Muscle Nerve 47: 816\u2013822, 2013<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]],"date-time":"2012-12-14T07:49:56Z","timestamp":1355471396000},"page":"816-822","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["An open trial of long\u2010term testosterone suppression in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Tomotaka","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The University of Tokyo Hospital 7\u20103\u20101 Hongo, Bunkyo\u2010ku Tokyo 113\u20108655 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiko","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rie","family":"Amao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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