{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:18:28Z","timestamp":1790662708053,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]],"date-time":"2017-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Macrophagic myofasciitis (MMF) is a rare disorder, reported mainly in European adults, with occasional childhood cases. We report a series of 6 patients with pediatric MMF from the Indian subcontinent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical details, creatine kinase levels, and results of electromyography are described for patients diagnosed with MMF. Fresh\u2010frozen and formalin\u2010fixed muscle biopsies were evaluated by hematoxylin\u2010eosin staining, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six of 2,218 muscle biopsies were diagnosed as MMF; patient charts were reviewed. The 6 patients were all children; all presented with hypotonia and\/or motor delay. Mean age at diagnosis was 16.2 months. There were 4 boys and 2 girls. All had a history of hepatitis B vaccination. Histopathology revealed infiltration by sheets of large periodic acid\u2013Schiff stain\u2010positive histiocytes. Ultrastructural examination demonstrated needle\u2010shaped crystals within histiocytes. One patient had a co\u2010existent neuromuscular disorder, merosin\u2010deficient congenital muscular dystrophy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>MMF is a rare inflammatory myopathy that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of congenital myopathies in children. <jats:italic>Muscle Nerve<\/jats:italic> <jats:bold>56<\/jats:bold>: 71\u201377, 2017.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,14]],"date-time":"2016-11-14T11:28:10Z","timestamp":1479122890000},"page":"71-77","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Childhood macrophagic myofasciitis: A series from the Indian subcontinent"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Aanchal","family":"Kakkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhu","family":"Rajeshwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aasma","family":"Nalwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaishali","family":"Suri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chitra","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biswaroop","family":"Chakrabarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Pediatrics (Division of Child Neurology) All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheffali","family":"Gulati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Pediatrics (Division of Child Neurology) All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehar C.","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi 110029 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)02326-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.9.1821"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1557224"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10465"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.59.11.926b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2003.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311429557"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.01.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10024001-0137-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2005.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"172","article-title":"Pediatric macrophagic myofasciitis associated with motor delay","volume":"25","author":"Gruis KL","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Neuropathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01913120601169550"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073807312370"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1243172"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200007)43:7<1520::AID-ANR16>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/62.5.464"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-014-3065-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2003.09.007"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; 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