{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T14:40:03Z","timestamp":1778856003907,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,17]],"date-time":"2017-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010470","name":"Gillson Longenbaugh Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010470","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction:<\/jats:italic> Neuromuscular clinical manifestations during acute West Nile virus (WNV) infection are well documented; however, long\u2010term neurologic outcomes still require investigation. <jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> We conducted a long\u2010term follow\u2010up study in patients with history of WNV infection. Of the 117 patients who participated in neurologic and neurocognitive evaluations, 30 were referred for neuromuscular and electrodiagnostic evaluation based on abnormal findings. <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> We found that 33% of these patients (10 of 30) showed abnormalities on nerve conduction and\/or needle electromyography due to primary or secondary outcomes of WNV infection. Most common electrodiagnostic findings and causes of long\u2010term disability were related to anterior horn cell poliomyelitis (WNV poliomyelitis). Electrical data on these patient populations were similar to those observed in chronic poliomyelitis. <jats:italic>Discussion:<\/jats:italic> With more than 16,000 cases of WNV neuroinvasive disease reported across the USA since 1999, understanding clinical outcomes from infection will provide a resource for physicians managing long\u2010term care of these patients. <jats:italic>Muscle Nerve<\/jats:italic> <jats:bold>57<\/jats:bold>: 77\u201382, 2018<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,5]],"date-time":"2017-04-05T23:43:40Z","timestamp":1491435820000},"page":"77-82","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Long\u2010term neuromuscular outcomes of west nile virus infection: A clinical and electromyographic evaluation of patients with a history of infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Parveen","family":"Athar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Hasbun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa S.","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Tropical Medicine, National School of Tropical Medicine Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital One Baylor Plaza, BCM 320, Houston Texas 77030 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucrecia","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven P.","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Houston Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazim","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristy O.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Tropical Medicine, National School of Tropical Medicine Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital One Baylor Plaza, BCM 320, Houston Texas 77030 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268811000185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05480-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.4.511"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2007.0109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102953"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/648731"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040374"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0616"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1203.050643"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0903.020531"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.9.4316-4320.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.22190"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0232"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03441.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2014.00146"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12341"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/518281"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23869"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2012.00037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7216-9491-7.50043-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.5858\/2004-128-533-SCNIHW","article-title":"Spinal 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