{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T22:42:48Z","timestamp":1782168168634,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]],"date-time":"2019-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>: In Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS), patients often develop muscle atrophy from denervation and immobilization. We, therefore, conducted a pilot study of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to evaluate feasibility, safety, and effect on muscle wasting in the early phase of GBS. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>: Seventeen patients were randomized to receive 20 min of muscle fiber stimulation followed by 40 min of NMES of the right or left quadriceps muscle with the untreated side as control. Cross\u2010sectional area (CSA) of the muscle measured by ultrasound and isometric knee extensor strength were the primary and secondary outcome measures. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: No treatment related adverse effects were recorded. Change in CSA was \u20100.25 cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (confidence interval [CI], \u20100.93\u20130.42) on the stimulated side versus \u20100.60 cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (CI, \u20101.32\u20130.11) on the nonstimulated side (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.08). No effect was observed on muscle strength. <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>: NMES seems safe and feasible in the early phase of GBS. Further studies are needed to explore effect on muscle function. <jats:italic>Muscle Nerve<\/jats:italic> 59:481\u2013484, 2019<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,14]],"date-time":"2018-12-14T07:35:34Z","timestamp":1544772934000},"page":"481-484","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Neuromuscular electrical stimulation in early rehabilitation of Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Harbo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars Kj\u00f8bsted","family":"Markvardsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel Bach","family":"Hellfritzsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u00e5re","family":"Severinsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen Feldb\u00e6k","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hammel Neurorehabilitation Centre and University Research Clinic  Hammel Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410270707"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"CD001798","article-title":"Plasma exchange for Guillain\u2010Barre syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Chevret S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"CD002063","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin for Guillain\u2010Barre syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Hughes RA","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"507","article-title":"Rehabilitation interventions in patients with acute demyelinating inflammatory polyneuropathy: a systematic review","volume":"48","author":"Khan F","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-317968"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.11.1014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"CD009419","article-title":"Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for muscle weakness in adults with advanced disease","author":"Maddocks M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-137"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/bam.2014.1.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/37.3.478"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-011-1975-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)92644-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr318"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(03)00129-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"428","article-title":"Effect of passive stretching on the wasting of muscle in the critically ill","volume":"11","author":"Griffiths RD","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2013.08.0187"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; 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