{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T08:07:06Z","timestamp":1778573226620,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,14]],"date-time":"2020-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605312000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":351,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000090","name":"Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH\u201016\u20101\u20100662"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH\u201016\u20101\u20100662"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000090","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Critical limitations of processed acellular nerve allograft (PNA) are linked to Schwann cell function. Side\u2010to\u2010side bridge grafting may enhance PNA neurotrophic potential.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sprague\u2013Dawley rats underwent tibial nerve transection and immediate repair with 20\u2010mm PNA (n = 33) or isograft (ISO; n = 9) or 40\u2010mm PNA (n = 33) or ISO (n = 9). Processed acellular nerve allograft groups received zero, one, or three side\u2010to\u2010side bridge grafts between the peroneal nerve and graft. Muscle weight, force generation, and nerve histomorphology were tested 20\u2009weeks after repair. Selected animals underwent neuron back labeling with fluorescent dyes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inner axon diameters, g\u2010ratios, and axon counts were smaller in the distal vs proximal aspect of each graft (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Schwann cell counts were greater, with a lower proportion of senescent cells for groups with bridges (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Retrograde labeling demonstrated that 6.6% to 17.7% of reinnervating neurons were from the peroneal pool.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bridge grafting positively influenced muscle recovery and Schwann cell counts and senescence after long PNA nerve reconstruction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T08:55:00Z","timestamp":1573721700000},"page":"243-252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Side\u2010to\u2010side supercharging nerve allograft enhances neurotrophic potential"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Isaacs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center  Richmond 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