{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:31:46Z","timestamp":1791851506918,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005294","name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005294","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) has rapidly become a global pandemic, but little is known about its potential impact on patients with myasthenia gravis (MG).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied the clinical course of COVID\u201019 in five hospitalized patients with autoimmune MG (four with acetylcholine receptor antibodies, one with muscle\u2010specific tyrosine kinase antibodies) between April 1, 2020\u2010April 30\u20102020.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two patients required intubation for hypoxemic respiratory failure, whereas one required significant supplemental oxygen. One patient with previously stable MG had myasthenic exacerbation. One patient treated with tocilizumab for COVID\u201019 was successfully extubated. Two patients were treated for MG with intravenous immunoglobulin without thromboembolic complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that the clinical course and outcomes in patients with MG and COVID\u201019 are highly variable. Further large studies are needed to define best practices and determinants of outcomes in this unique population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]],"date-time":"2020-05-11T19:08:59Z","timestamp":1589224139000},"page":"254-258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["<scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 in patients with myasthenia gravis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7421-7750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pria","family":"Anand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u00ebl C. C.","family":"Slama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Kaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlene","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna M.","family":"Cervantes\u2010Arslanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William S.","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0843-2935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda C.","family":"Guidon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) Situation Report 61","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"XuX HanM LiT et al. Effective treatment of severe COVID\u201019 patients with tocilizumab.chinaXiv.2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","article-title":"Acute cerebrovascular disease following COVID\u201019: a single center, retrospective, observational study","volume":"19","author":"Li M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MaoL WangM ChenS et al. Neurological manifestations of hospitalized patients with COVID\u201019 in Wuhan China: a retrospective case series study.medRxiv.2020.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.22.20026500","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.02.22.20026500"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020201187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2020.116803"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26689"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.3633"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003296"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"HallettS AshurstJV.Physiology Tidal Volume;2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-018-8751-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-011-6335-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.1246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2017.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","article-title":"First cases of COVID\u201019 in heart transplantation from China","author":"Li F","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15874"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"European best practice guidelines for renal transplantation. 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