{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:50:36Z","timestamp":1786978236967,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndrome (PNHS) is characterized by muscle fasciculations and spasms. Nerve hyperexcitability and after\u2010discharges can be observed in electrophysiological studies. Autoimmune mechanisms play a major role in the pathophysiology of primary PNHS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively conducted a case\u2013control study recruiting patients with clinical and electrophysiological features of PNHS. Control patients were diagnosed with other neuronal or muscular diseases. Contactin\u2010associated protein2 (CASPR2) and leucine\u2010rich glioma\u2010inactivated1 (LGI1) antibodies were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 19 primary PNHS patients and 39 control patients were analyzed. The most common symptoms for the case group were fasciculations (11\/19) and muscle spasms (13\/19). Case group patients were likely to demonstrate electrodiagnostic findings of nerve hyperexcitability (17\/19) and after\u2010discharges in the tibial nerve (19\/19). We found high prevalence of CASPR2 (9\/19) and LGI1 (6\/19) antibodies in the case group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary PNHS patients were likely to show after\u2010discharges in the tibial nerve. The pathogenesis of PNHS is autoimmune CASPR2 and LGI1 antibodies are possible pathogenic antibodies for primary PNHS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T01:26:39Z","timestamp":1611710799000},"page":"697-702","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndrome: A clinical, electrophysiological, and immunological study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Yimin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7654-3827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juhua","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department People's Hospital of Hunan Province  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youfang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitao","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongzhi","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department The First Hospital of Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liying","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3822-4440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuzhou","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182061b1e"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2014-0066"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000444"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2016-314758"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002637"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000291"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.3.771"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnp.2017.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20774"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2004.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/npa.2016.14816"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-016-0555-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23577"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.24.4.319"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.27188","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mus.27188","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.27188","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T12:43:19Z","timestamp":1693312999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.27188"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.27188"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.27188","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-639X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}