{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:41:59Z","timestamp":1747150919859,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Electromyography (EMG) can provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of oropharyngeal muscles in various disease states, but the invasive nature of the conventional needle EMG (nEMG) has its limitations in this setting. We aimed to examine the inter\u2010rater reliability (IRR) of a novel transmembranous EMG (tmEMG) sensor as a non\u2010invasive technique for assessment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal muscles for neuromuscular pathology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was a prospective, cohort, pilot study with blinded data analysis in healthy participants (n\u00a0=\u00a06), patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (n\u00a0=\u00a05) and bulbar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (n\u00a0=\u00a05). Each patient underwent sampling from bilateral palatoglossus (PG) and genioglossus (GG), using both tmEMG and nEMG. IRR was expressed as percentage agreement and prevalence\u2010adjusted bias\u2010adjusted kappa coefficient (PABAK).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Substantial IRR was found for participants with ALS (81.6%, PABAK 0.63) and OSA (78.8%, PABAK 0.61), and in healthy participants (87.1%, PABAK 0.74). A better IRR was seen with tmEMG (95.7%, PABAK 0.92) than with nEMG (73.9%, PABAK 0.48) for healthy participants and also for those with OSA. Studies from GG had higher IRR than PG. Only one participant had a minor adverse event (sore throat).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study shows that analysis of PG and GG in both healthy and disease states using tmEMG has high IRR compared with nEMG analysis. Further validation studies can be undertaken to test its utility in analysis of oral cavity and oropharyngeal muscles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,25]],"date-time":"2021-12-25T07:28:26Z","timestamp":1640417306000},"page":"303-310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pilot study of a novel transmembranous electromyography device for assessment of oral cavity and oropharyngeal muscles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7360-417X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak","family":"Menon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ellen &amp; Martin Prosserman Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Perry","family":"Mansfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Senta Clinic  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derrick","family":"Cordice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Senta Clinic  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Studer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Powell Mansfield, Inc  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"O'Leary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery Senta Clinic  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Sheean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Powell Mansfield, Inc  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5805-4883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Bril","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ellen &amp; Martin Prosserman Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00019012"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3376-3"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2013.08.004"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.03.003"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-015-9634-1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","DOI":"10.14802\/jmd.14008"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1999.86.5.1663"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200308-1100OC"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.2.2105010c"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.03.023"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201106-1058OC"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2018.03.006"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.10.916"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.05.008"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21055"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2008.0235"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnp.2016.09.003"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(90)90158-L"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(90)90159-M"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/85.3.257"},{"unstructured":"CunninghamM.242\u20132009: More than Just the Kappa Coefficient: A Program to Fully Characterize Inter\u2010Rater Reliability between Two Raters.2009;7.","key":"e_1_2_11_23_1"},{"unstructured":"XieQ.Agree or Disagree? A demonstration of an alternative statistic to Cohen\u2019s kappa for measuring the extent and reliability of agreement between observers.2013:12.","key":"e_1_2_11_24_1"},{"volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","year":"2021","author":"McCausland T","key":"e_1_2_11_25_1"},{"volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","year":"2021","author":"Rathee M","key":"e_1_2_11_26_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21180"},{"unstructured":"EMG Evaluation eof the Motor Unit \u2010 Electrophysiologic Biopsy: Overview Indications Equipment.2020.https:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/1846028-overview#a2","key":"e_1_2_11_28_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","DOI":"10.1251\/bpo115"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/73.10.698"},{"unstructured":"PalmerJB TanakaE SiebensAA.Electromyography of the Pharyngeal Musculature: Technical Considerations. 1989;5.","key":"e_1_2_11_31_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20554"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002292"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.27479","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mus.27479","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.27479","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T15:45:30Z","timestamp":1692805530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.27479"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.27479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.27479","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0148-639X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-4598"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-03-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}