{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T13:18:32Z","timestamp":1791119912133,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007048","name":"Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immune\u2010mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is considered a rare subtype of the immune\u2010mediated myopathies, but its incidence and prevalence are unknown. In this study we aimed to determine the incidence and prevalence of IMNM among adults in Olmsted County, Minnesota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified adult patients with IMNM, as defined by the 2016 European Neuromuscular Centre diagnostic criteria, among residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota over a 20\u2010year period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Six patients were tested for IMNM antibodies: four were anti\u20133\u2010hydroxy\u20103\u2010methylglutaryl\u2010coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) positive, one was anti\u2013signal recognition particle positive, and one was seronegative. The incidence of IMNM during 2010\u20102019 was 8.3 per million person\u2010years. The prevalence of IMNM in 2010 was 1.85 per 100\u2009000 people at least 50\u2009years of age. Median age at symptom onset was 64 (range, 52\u201086) years and median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 3\u00a0(range, &lt;1 to 156) months. Statin use among anti\u2010HMGCR IMNM patients, but not the entire IMNM cohort, was higher than in controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.024). Two IMNM patients developed cancers. The incidence of malignancy in IMNM was not higher than that of the general population. Treatment outcome was favorable in all patients except for one patient with delayed treatment and another with insufficient therapy. Among three deceased patients, one died of cancer and another died of IMNM\u2010related cardiorespiratory complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>IMNM is a rare disease. Its prevalence is one tenth that of inclusion\u2010body myositis in Olmsted County, Minnesota. IMNM patients in our cohort were not at higher risk for developing cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T14:53:31Z","timestamp":1642863211000},"page":"541-546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Incidence and prevalence of immune\u2010mediated necrotizing myopathy in adults in Olmsted County, Minnesota"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3585-1687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahar","family":"Shelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle M.","family":"Mielke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9842-8803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pritikanta","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation University of Illinois at Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Milone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Tracy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Floranne C.","family":"Ernste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Mandrekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0212-5697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teerin","family":"Liewluck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328364e9d9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25567"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27572"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e328358bd85"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2016-313166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-00515-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu289"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23854"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/71.3.266"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2012.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2017.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000258355.23810.c6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","article-title":"SAS macro which utilized local and reference population counts appropriate for incidence, prevalence, and mortality rate calculations in Rochester and Olmsted County, Minnesota","volume":"20","author":"Schroeder DJOK","year":"1982","journal-title":"Tech Rep Ser."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27435"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000012004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.4700"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34673"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2020.03.032"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.27504","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mus.27504","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.27504","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T20:08:48Z","timestamp":1692994128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.27504"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.27504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.27504","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-639X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-07-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}