{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:33:41Z","timestamp":1791581621720,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neuromuscular symptoms may develop or persist after resolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection. Besides residual sensorimotor symptoms associated with acute neuromuscular complications of coronavirus disease\u20102019 (COVID\u201019), such as Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome, critical illness neuromyopathy, and rhabdomyolysis, patients may report persistent autonomic symptoms, sensory symptoms, and muscle symptoms in the absence of these acute complications, including palpitations, orthostatic dizziness and intolerance, paresthesia, myalgia, and fatigue. These symptoms may be associated with long COVID, also known as post\u2013COVID\u201019 conditions or postacute sequelae of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection, which may significantly impact quality of life. Managing these symptoms represents a challenge for health\u2010care providers. Recent advances have identified small\u2010fiber neuropathy as a potential etiology that may underlie autonomic dysfunction and paresthesia in some long COVID patients. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying myalgia and fatigue remain elusive and need to be investigated. Herein we review the current state of knowledge regarding the evaluation and management of patients with persistent post\u2013COVID\u201019 neuromuscular symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T06:59:00Z","timestamp":1689749940000},"page":"350-355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Persistent\n                    <scp>post\u2013COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 neuromuscular symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Rory M. C.","family":"Abrams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2275-1342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan C.","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.WHO Director\u2010General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID\u201019.https:\/\/www.who.int\/director\u2010general\/speeches\/detail\/who\u2010director\u2010general\u2010s\u2010opening\u2010remarks\u2010at\u2010the\u2010media\u2010briefing\u2010on\u2010covid\u201019\u2010\u2010\u201011\u2010march\u20102020. Accessed July 20 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009937"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30287-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.1127"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04708-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","volume-title":"A clinical case definition of post COVID\u201019 condition by a Delphi Consensus","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000010640"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01283-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-95565-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15307"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12482"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000970"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abg7113"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2022.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/21649561211056597"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1688977"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-021-00803-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27458"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000524205"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27495"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000001146"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30109-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2009191"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-021-01102-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CND.0000000000000369"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2022.03.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14462"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009619"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"COVID\u201019 associated cranial nerve neuropathy: a systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Finsterer J","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bosn J Basic Med Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2009787"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2008597"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jscd.2001.123772"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-020-00884-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-324837"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa433"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14860"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009566"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2022.120162"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32656-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15435"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.11417"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240784"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00084-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1648"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12896"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2021.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_1","first-page":"307","article-title":"The impact of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 on skeletal muscles","volume":"39","author":"De Giorgio MR","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Myol."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2022.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000132644.52613.FA"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/81.10.1371"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S274122"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jicm.2022.0821"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.27940","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]],"date-time":"2024-01-25T05:28:11Z","timestamp":1706160491000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.27940"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.27940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.27940","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-639X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}