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The aims of this study were to obtain reference values for peroneal, tibial, and sural NCSs and to examine the associations with demographic and anthropometric factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 5099 participants (aged 40\u201379\u2009years) without type 2 diabetes of The Maastricht Study, NCSs of peroneal, tibial, and sural nerves were performed. Values for compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and sensory nerve action potential amplitude, nerve conduction velocity (NCV), and distal latency were acquired. The association of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and height with NCS values was determined using uni\u2010 and multivariate linear regression analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Detailed reference values are reported per decade for men and women. Significantly lower NCVs and longer distal latencies were observed in all nerves in older and taller individuals as well as in men. In these groups, amplitudes of the tibial and sural nerves were significantly lower, whereas a lower peroneal nerve CMAP was only significantly associated with age. BMI showed a multidirectional association. After correction for anthropometric factors in the multivariate analysis, the association between sex and NCS values was less straightforward.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These values from a population\u2010based dataset could be used as a reference for generating normative values. Our findings show the association of NCS values with anthropometric factors. In clinical practice, these factors can be considered when interpreting NCS values.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]],"date-time":"2024-03-09T15:09:35Z","timestamp":1709996975000},"page":"588-596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Reference values for nerve conduction studies of the peroneal, tibial, and sural nerve derived from a large population\u2010based cohort: Associations with demographic and anthropometric characteristics\u2014The <scp>Maastricht<\/scp> study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1604-9331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jurriaan J. A.","family":"Hodzelmans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Maastricht University Medical Center  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus L. F.","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Maastricht University Medical Center  Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS) Maastricht University  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos P. H.","family":"Reulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Maastricht University Medical Center  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J.","family":"Blijham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology M\u00e1xima Medical Center  Veldhoven The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Koster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht University  Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Social Medicine Maastricht University  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coen D. A.","family":"Stehouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht University  Maastricht The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Maastricht University  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Werner H.","family":"Mess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Maastricht University Medical Center  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia A.","family":"Sutedja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Maastricht University Medical Center  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25204"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25203"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199808)21:8<999::AID-MUS3>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","volume-title":"Buschbacher's Manual of Nerve Conduction Studies","author":"Kumbhare D","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880040609"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnp.2021.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.1124"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.11.079"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.06.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4598(199811)21:11<1398::AID-MUS6>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-014-9889-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002864"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PHM.0000069198.47377.72"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17712\/nsj.2020.1.20190067"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17712\/nsj.2020.2.20190068"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci12081037"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jnrp.jnrp_370_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21490"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26908"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207665"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0817-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(23)00002-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27195"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2021.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2012.8.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.07.025"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.28076","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T13:07:52Z","timestamp":1749042472000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.28076"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.28076"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.28076","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-639X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}