{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:43:13Z","timestamp":1791931393514,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009647","name":"Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC2022\u20102024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC2022\u20102024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009647","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Muscle diffusion tensor imaging has not yet been explored in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). We assessed diffusivity parameters in FSHD subjects compared with healthy controls (HCs), with regard to their ability to precede any fat replacement or edema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fat fraction (FF), water T2 (wT2), mean, radial, axial diffusivity (MD, RD, AD), and fractional anisotropy (FA) of thigh muscles were calculated in 10 FSHD subjects and 15 HCs. All parameters were compared between FSHD and controls, also exploring their gradient along the main axis of the muscle. Diffusivity parameters were tested in a subgroup analysis as predictors of disease involvement in muscle compartments with different degrees of FF and wT2 and were also correlated with clinical severity scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found that MD, RD, and AD were significantly lower in FSHD subjects than in controls, whereas we failed to find a difference for FA. In contrast, we found a significant positive correlation between FF and FA and a negative correlation between MD, RD, and AD and FF. No correlation was found with wT2. In our subgroup analysis we found that muscle compartments with no significant fat replacement or edema (FF\u2009&lt;\u200910% and wT2\u2009&lt;\u200941\u2009ms) showed a reduced AD and FA compared with controls. Less involved compartments showed different diffusivity parameters than more involved compartments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our exploratory study was able to demonstrate diffusivity parameter abnormalities even in muscles with no significant fat replacement or edema. Larger cohorts are needed to confirm these preliminary findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T06:32:59Z","timestamp":1718346779000},"page":"248-256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Muscle diffusion tensor imaging in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1670-813X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Barzaghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics University of Pavia  Pavia Italy"},{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Center, Neuroradiology Department IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia Italy"},{"name":"INFN, Group of Pavia  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Paoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Center, Neuroradiology Department IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Monforte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6472-0563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Bortolani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Bonizzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Center, Neuroradiology Department IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feiweier","family":"Thorsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens Healthcare GmbH  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Bergsland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, University of Buffalo, The State University of New York  Buffalo New York USA"},{"name":"IRCCS, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospital Basel  Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Basel Muscle MRI, Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xeni","family":"Deligianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospital Basel  Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Basel Muscle MRI, Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Tasca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS  Rome Italy"},{"name":"John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trusts  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Ballante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Political and Social Sciences University of Pavia  Pavia Italy"},{"name":"BioData Science Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Figini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Political and Social Sciences University of Pavia  Pavia Italy"},{"name":"BioData Science Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enzo","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. 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