{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T19:58:39Z","timestamp":1776455919994,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in peroneal neuropathy are not well documented and the prognostic value of imaging remains uncertain. Upper limits of cross\u2010sectional area (CSA) on ultrasound (US) have been established, but uncertainty regarding generalizability remains. We aimed to describe MRI findings of the peroneal nerve in patients and healthy controls and to compare these results to US findings and clinical characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively included patients with foot drop and electrodiagnostically confirmed peroneal neuropathy, and performed clinical follow\u2010up, US and MRI of both peroneal nerves. We compared MRI findings to healthy controls. Two radiologists evaluated MRI features in an exploratory analysis after images were anonymized and randomized.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010two patients and 38 healthy controls were included. Whereas significant increased MRI CSA values were documented in patients (mean CSA 20\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> vs. 13\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> in healthy controls), intra\u2010 and interobserver variability was substantial (variability of, respectively, 7 and 9\u2009mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> around the mean in 95% of repeated measurements). A pathological T2 hyperintense signal of the nerve was found in 52.6% of patients (50% interobserver agreement). Increased CSA measurements (MRI\/US), pathological T2 hyperintensity of the nerve and muscle edema were not predictive for recovery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Imaging is recommended in all patients with peroneal neuropathy to exclude compressive intrinsic and extrinsic masses but we do not advise routine MRI for diagnosis or prediction of outcome in patients with peroneal neuropathy due to high observer variability. Further studies should aim at reducing MRI observer variability potentially by semi\u2010automation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T13:43:31Z","timestamp":1719495811000},"page":"360-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound and <scp>MR<\/scp> imaging in peroneal neuropathy: A prospective, single\u2010center study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2142-9941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Oosterbos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy Leuven Brain Institute  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Ziekenhuis Oost\u2010Limburg  Genk Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olaf De","family":"Weerdt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Lembrechts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Radwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Brys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Brusselmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care I\u2010BioStat  Leuven 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