{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T18:37:19Z","timestamp":1789756639721,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724889600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Phrenic neuropathy (PhN) impairs diaphragm muscle function, causing a spectrum of breathing disability. PhN etiologies and their natural history are ill\u2010defined. This knowledge gap hinders informed prognosis and management decisions. This study aims to help fill this knowledge gap on PhN etiologies, outcomes, and recovery patterns, especially in the context of nonsurgical clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective study from two interdisciplinary clinics, physiatry and neurology based. Patients were included if PhN was identified, and other causes of hemi\u2010diaphragm muscle dysfunction excluded. Patients were followed serially at the discretion of the neuromuscular\u2010trained neurologist or physiatrist. Recovery was assessed using pulmonary function tests (PFTs), diaphragm muscle ultrasound (US) thickening ratio, and patient\u2010reported outcomes in patients presenting within 2\u2009years of PhN onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 151 patients with PhN. The most common etiologies were idiopathic (27%), associated with cardiothoracic procedure (24%), and intensive care unit (17%). Of these patients, 117 (77%) were evaluated within 2\u2009years of PhN onset. Of patients included in outcome analyses, 64% saw improvement on serial US, 50% on serial PFTs and 79% reported symptomatic improvement at an average of 15, 16, and 17\u2009months, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A clear majority of PhN patients show improvement in diaphragm muscle function, but on average, improvements took 15\u201317\u2009months depending on the assessment type. These insights are vital for developing tailored treatments and can guide physicians in prognosis and decision\u2010making, especially if more invasive interventions are being considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T03:39:26Z","timestamp":1724902766000},"page":"980-987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Phrenic neuropathy etiologies and recovery trajectories in outpatient rehabilitation and neuromuscular medicine clinics: A retrospective analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Demetriou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago)  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra S.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago)  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4989-6904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen","family":"Farr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago)  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5278-6810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shreyaa","family":"Khanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago)  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"John M.","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7627-425X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Senda","family":"Ajroud\u2010Driss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7541-5975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adenike A.","family":"Adewuyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago)  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9044-4147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa F.","family":"Wolfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago)  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4546-8638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin K.","family":"Franz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago)  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Kimberly K. Querrey and Louis A. Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200206\u2010542OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539\u2010200012000\u201000010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1089253218817516"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","first-page":"684","article-title":"Incidence of phrenic neuropathy after isolated lung transplantation. 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