{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T12:47:16Z","timestamp":1784206036155,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726444800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hourglass\u2010like constriction (HGC) may occur in several peripheral nerves. However, data on the prognosis of motor weakness in patients with HGC of the suprascapular nerve (SSN) are limited compared with other nerves. Here, we aimed to describe the clinical and imaging features of HGC of the SSN.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with suprascapular neuropathy using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or electrodiagnostic studies over 16\u2009years. After excluding extrinsic causes, patients with HGC of the SSN detected using MRI were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fourteen patients with HGC of the SSN were identified. MRI revealed that all HGCs were located between the origin of the SSN from the upper trunk of the brachial plexus and the suprascapular notch. Seven patients exhibited HGC precisely at the origin of the SSN from the brachial plexus. Four patients showed T2 hyperintensity of the SSN extending to the upper trunk of the brachial plexus or the extraforaminal cervical root. The initial treatments included observation (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091), steroid therapy (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200912), suprascapular notch release (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091). Of the 12 patients with a sufficient follow\u2010up period, nine fully recovered from motor weakness of the SSN with non\u2010operative treatments. Six of the nine patients who recovered fully experienced their first clinical improvement more than 6\u2009months after onset.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment strategies for HGC differ depending on the affected nerve. For HGC of the SSN, due to the high spontaneous recovery rate observed in our study, conservative management for at least 6\u2009months should be initially considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T08:14:00Z","timestamp":1726474440000},"page":"1104-1110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Single center experience with hourglass\u2010like constriction neuropathy of suprascapular nerve"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3284-3024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu Jin","family":"Im","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8582-5436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7822-5344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Cheol","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3169-5197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Woo","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9980-8549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Du Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung\u2010Ang University Hospital Chung\u2010Ang University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8261-7199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duk Hyun","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Partial fascicular median\u2010nerve atrophy 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peripheral nerve palsy with hourglass\u2010like fascicular constriction in the upper extremity","volume":"131","author":"Wang Y","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuchi.2021.01.010","article-title":"Surgical treatment of hourglass\u2010like radial nerve constrictions","volume":"67","author":"Qi W","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurochirurgie"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24615","article-title":"Ultrasonographic identification of nerve pathology in neuralgic amyotrophy: enlargement, constriction, fascicular entwinement, and torsion","volume":"52","author":"Ar\u00e1nyi Z","year":"2015","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-323164","article-title":"Neuralgic amyotrophy: a paradigm shift in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"91","author":"Gstoettner C","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25708","article-title":"Ultrasonography in neuralgic amyotrophy: sensitivity, spectrum of findings, and clinical correlations","volume":"56","author":"Ar\u00c1nyi Z","year":"2017","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25480","article-title":"MRI bullseye sign: an indicator of peripheral nerve constriction in parsonage\u2010turner syndrome","volume":"56","author":"Sneag DB","year":"2017","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.93B2.24748","article-title":"Surgical treatment of spontaneous posterior interosseous nerve palsy: a retrospective study of 50 cases","volume":"93","author":"Ochi K","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.25008","article-title":"Neuralgic amyotrophy: an update on diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment","volume":"53","author":"Eijk JJ","year":"2016","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27961","article-title":"Hourglass\u2010like constrictions on MRI are common in electromyography\u2010confirmed cases of neuralgic amyotrophy (parsonage\u2010turner syndrome): a tertiary referral center experience","volume":"70","author":"Sneag DB","year":"2024","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"402","article-title":"Fascicular topography of the suprascapular nerve in the C5 root and upper trunk of the brachial plexus: a microanatomic study from a nerve surgeon's perspective","volume":"67","author":"Siqueira MG","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.11.JNS181609","article-title":"Treatment of spontaneous anterior interosseous nerve palsy","volume":"132","author":"Kodama N","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; 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