{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:00:49Z","timestamp":1787166049829,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1A5A2025964"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1A5A2025964"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite treatment, a considerable proportion of patients with Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) experience poor recovery, highlighting a therapeutic need. There is a lack of evidence that treatment timing affects recovery. This study aims to investigate the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) timing on disability and speed of recovery in GBS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective study of 136 IVIg\u2010treated GBS patients admitted to two Korean centers between 2010 and 2021. We analyzed the effect of time to IVIg on the GBS disability scale (GBS\u2010DS) and the degree of improvement from nadir (\u2206GBS\u2010DS) at 1, 3, 6, and 12\u2009months, as well as the time to regain the ability to walk or run unaided. Time to IVIg was treated either as a continuous variable or categorized into 1\u2010week intervals to explore critical time windows. Known prognostic factors, the modified Erasmus GBS Outcome Scores on admission and pre\u2010treatment serum albumin levels were adjusted as covariates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Shorter time to IVIg was independently associated with better GBS\u2010DS, greater \u2206GBS\u2010DS, and shorter time to walk or run unaided at all time points. The therapeutic effect of IVIg was notably diminished when administered beyond the first 2\u2009weeks of onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study highlights the timing of IVIg as a modifiable prognostic factor in GBS. The earlier IVIg is initiated, the better the outcomes, with the ideal time window being within the first 2\u2009weeks. These findings underscore the importance of prompt diagnosis and early intervention to optimize recovery in GBS patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]],"date-time":"2024-10-03T06:53:28Z","timestamp":1727938408000},"page":"1215-1222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Timing of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment and outcome in\n                    <scp>Guillain<\/scp>\n                    \u2013\n                    <scp>Barr\u00e9<\/scp>\n                    syndrome: Is time nerve?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8091-7585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Gi","family":"Min","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoon\u2010Ho","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuf A.","family":"Rajabally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aston Medical School School of Health and Life Sciences  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7525-5313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung\u2010Joon","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Seoul National University Hospital  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.121"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.6.2053","article-title":"The prognosis and main prognostic indicators of Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome. A multicentre prospective study of 297 patients","volume":"119","author":"The Italian Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 Study Group","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30114-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30494-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000013139"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.51627"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12320"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182104407"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-325815"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512143332401"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24554"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2023-333133"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000572"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac166"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16073"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin for Guillain\u2010Barre syndrome","volume":"2014","author":"Hughes RA","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"217","article-title":"Guillain\u2010Barre syndrome and IVIg: does early initiation of treatment influence the mean hospital stay?","volume":"24","author":"Coll\u2010Cant\u00ed J","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurologia"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Impact of electrophysiological and clinical variants, and timing of plasmapheresis on outcome of Guillain\u2010Barr\u00e9 syndrome","volume":"65","author":"Amin B","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27506"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.138"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jns.12594"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880141111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)92644-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-307815"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1751-0473-3-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410400414"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410390512"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2019-322479"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113231"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2022.120512"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105072"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000284"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-024-12317-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.4480"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-023-00546-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.4.610"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1324"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.1995.tb00174.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.72.5.596"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001044"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.28271","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T08:21:39Z","timestamp":1733818899000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.28271"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.28271"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.28271","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-639X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-09-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}