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Typically seen in middle\u2010aged adults, its predominant clinical feature is a chronically progressive asymmetric weakness that affects the distal upper extremities most significantly. Minor sensory symptoms, sensory examination findings or abnormal sensory nerve conduction studies can be seen in the lower extremities in a minority of patients. Electrodiagnostic studies reveal motor conduction blocks at noncompressible sites, and minor findings of other demyelinating features such as conduction slowing or temporal dispersion. Anti\u2010GM1 antibody titers are elevated in less than half of MMN patients, and more recent studies suggest mechanisms including antibody\u2010induced complement attack at the node of Ranvier with resulting ion channel dysfunction. Peripheral nerve magnetic resonance imaging and neuromuscular ultrasound often reveal non\u2010uniform enlargement of the nerve roots, plexuses, or peripheral nerve segments, thus being useful in assisting diagnosis. The differential diagnosis of MMN mainly includes motor neuron disease or demyelinating sensorimotor polyneuropathies. Immunoglobulin therapy is the first\u2010line and mainstay of treatment, being effective in maintaining or restoring muscle strength in the majority of patients. However, motor strength often slowly declines over the long term, even with maintenance immunoglobulin treatment. More effective immunotherapy is needed to halt the slow progression of MMN, and complement inhibition appears to be a promising option in the near future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T04:39:01Z","timestamp":1739335141000},"page":"512-534","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Multifocal Motor Neuropathy: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Claytor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Polston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio 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