{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T04:03:35Z","timestamp":1746763415680,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The deltoid muscle demonstrates sensitivity in detecting abnormal decrement on repetitive nerve stimulation in cases of myasthenia gravis and congenital myasthenic syndromes. However, single\u2010fiber electromyography (concentric needle jitter) normative data is currently lacking, which this study aims to address.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Jitter, measured by the mean consecutive difference (MCD), was assessed in the voluntarily activated deltoid muscle of 32 healthy adults (16 men and 16 women) with no known or suspected neuromuscular disease. For each subject, the mean MCD of 20 pairs was calculated. The overall jitter reference value was the mean MCD across all subjects, while the 18th highest MCD among them defined the individual jitter reference value (outliers).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average age of the male subjects was 42\u2009years (ranging from 21 to 61), while the average age for females was 46\u2009years (ranging from 32 to 65). The mean MCD values were 21.15\u2009\u00b1\u20093.42\u2009\u03bcs for men and 19.50\u2009\u00b1\u20092.34\u2009\u03bcs for women. For individual assessments, the 18th highest MCD was recorded as 27.84\u2009\u00b1\u20094.68\u2009\u03bcs for men and 25.42\u2009\u00b1\u20093.19\u2009\u03bcs for women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proposed reference values for normal mean MCD are &lt;\u200928\u2009\u03bcs for men and\u2009&lt;\u200926\u2009\u03bcs for women. The normal outlier limits are &lt;\u200938\u2009\u03bcs for men and\u2009&lt;\u200932\u2009\u03bcs for women. No previously reported values for the deltoid muscle are available for comparison.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T10:03:58Z","timestamp":1739873038000},"page":"1076-1080","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Concentric Needle Jitter Measurements in Voluntarily Activated Deltoid Muscle in Healthy Control Subjects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9384-9964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Aris","family":"Kouyoumdjian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto  Sao Jose do Rio Preto State of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla Renata","family":"Graca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto  Sao Jose do Rio Preto State of S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Single Fiber EMG","author":"St\u00e5lberg E. V.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.600680"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2020.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20568"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20435"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097\u20104598(200005)23:5<715::aid\u2010mus8>3.0.co;2\u2010v"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0004\u2010282x2007000300016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2008.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21424"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21151"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2010.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22203"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22306"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0004\u2010282x20130008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27573"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24750"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0000000000000398"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2007.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880150205"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880170720"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"On the Choice of Muscle in the Electrophysiological Assessment of Myasthenia Gravis","volume":"32","author":"Schady W.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","first-page":"337","article-title":"A Study of Diagnostic Yield, Technical Ease and Patient Discomfort of Low Rate Repetitive Nerve Stimulation Test in Patients With Myasthenia Gravis","volume":"46","author":"Misra U. K.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022\u2010510x(73)90023\u20103"},{"volume-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology","year":"2021","author":"Crum B. A.","key":"e_1_2_11_28_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/81.11.1810"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000004329"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.24091"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.28376","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T12:05:15Z","timestamp":1746705915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.28376"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.28376"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.28376","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0148-639X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1097-4598"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}