{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T01:48:07Z","timestamp":1782524887243,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) test is fundamental to test the functional integrity of the neuromuscular junction. RNS data are scarce for newborns and young children, limiting early diagnostic efforts to identify children with neuromuscular diseases. Here, we performed RNS in young children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>RNS of the axillary nerve was performed in 34 otherwise healthy young children (0 to 48\u2009months of age) undergoing procedural sedation or analgesia. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) were recorded over the deltoid muscle. CMAP amplitude and area decrement between the 1st and 4th potential were determined at 3\u2009Hz stimulation. Post\u2010tetanic facilitation, twitch\u2010to\u2010tetanus ratio, and heart rates were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The largest CMAP amplitude decrement value was 7% at rest, having a median of 1%, and an interquartile range of 1%\u20133%. There was no correlation between the CMAP amplitude decrement and age. In contrast, a moderate positive correlation was found between the CMAP area decrement and age, occasionally exceeding 10% in infants younger than 6\u2009months. Both post\u2010tetanic facilitation and twitch\u2010to\u2010tetanus ratio exhibited a moderate positive correlation with age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>While the CMAP amplitude decrement in young children was within the adult normal range, the area decrement may be higher. Studies of RNS on other nerves in unsedated children are needed to investigate the findings from this study further.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.28445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T10:03:01Z","timestamp":1748426581000},"page":"306-312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Function of the Normal Neuromuscular Junction in Young Children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9737-8217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rk","family":"Koz\u00e1k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Szatm\u00e1ri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erzs\u00e9bet","family":"N\u00e9meth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9la","family":"F\u00fclesdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"T\u00f3th","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4899-5767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judit","family":"Bocz\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen  Debrecen Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100032\u20101323850"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23929"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440\u20101827.1984.tb00551.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/52.2.205"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/27.3.124"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"372","volume-title":"Pediatric Clinical Electro\u2010 Myography","author":"Harper C. 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