{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T07:25:37Z","timestamp":1764228337014,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The beneficial effects of animal\u2010assisted therapy (AAT) on balance, walking endurance, and mood symptoms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have been previously demonstrated. In this study, we aimed at expanding upon these findings by further evaluating its effects on upper limb (UL) functions and mood symptoms both in ALS and other neuromuscular disorders (NMDs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty\u2010eight patients participated in a regular 2\u2010week occupational therapy program once a day. For three days a week, in place of the traditional treatment, the AAT group (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200934) performed a session in interaction with the therapy dog. Outcome measures included hand grip strength, manual dexterity, and mood symptoms. Differences between baseline and post\u2010treatment values were assessed using the Wilcoxon Signed\u2010Rank Test, and one\u2010way analysis of covariance was used to examine between\u2010group differences in post\u2010treatment values, adjusting for baseline measurements.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both groups improved in hand grip strength (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004\u20130.03), whereas mood symptoms improved exclusively in the AAT group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0003\u20130.03). Post\u2010treatment values were significantly better in the AAT group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01\u20130.03). When ALS patients were analyzed separately, the improvement of hand grip strength and mood symptoms was observed only in the AAT group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001\u20130.04), which accordingly showed better post\u2010treatment values (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0007\u20130.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings indicate that AAT has greater beneficial effects than traditional treatments on UL strength and mood symptoms. These findings have the potential to facilitate more effective rehabilitation strategies both in ALS and other NMDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.70012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T06:15:17Z","timestamp":1757052917000},"page":"1122-1129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Dog\u2010Assisted Occupational Therapy on Upper Limb Functions in ALS and Other Neuromuscular Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"Giove","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO)\u2010Fondazione Serena Onlus  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pilar Maria","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO)\u2010Fondazione Serena Onlus  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirela","family":"Lungu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO)\u2010Fondazione Serena Onlus  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Pasquinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO)\u2010Fondazione Serena Onlus  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romina","family":"Truffelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO)\u2010Fondazione Serena Onlus  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clotilde","family":"Trinchero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Attivit\u00e0 Socio Assistenziali e Servizi Con Animali (A.S.SE.A.) ONLUS  Cuneo Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruna","family":"Rebagliati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ospedale La Colletta  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Caponnetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO)\u2010Fondazione Serena Onlus  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Vignolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO)\u2010Fondazione Serena Onlus  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) 4 Chiavarese  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO)\u2010Fondazione Serena Onlus  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JND\u2010230182"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21678421.2023.2252468"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/NRE\u20102007\u201022608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2014.008649"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18041432"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968305285092"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000398"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182412882"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973\u20109087.24.08343\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/146608200300079536"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr179"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197719702239298"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2023.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Hand Strength and Dexterity","volume":"25","author":"Kellor M.","year":"1971","journal-title":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100447.1983.tb09716.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.6.1218"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000000215"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468\u20101331.2009.02930.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410270707"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2013.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005229"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010024\u201072355\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1436519"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/ejtm.2018.7278"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"715","article-title":"Differential Effects of Heavy Versus Moderate Loads on Measures of Strength and Hypertrophy in Resistance\u2010Trained Men","volume":"15","author":"Schoenfeld B. 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