{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T05:03:24Z","timestamp":1784264604012,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nerve ultrasound is becoming increasingly important for diagnosing and monitoring peripheral nerve disorders in children. This research seeks to determine reference values for ultrasound cross\u2010sectional area (CSA) and elastography of peripheral nerves in healthy children from northern China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 150 healthy children aged 2\u201316\u2009years were recruited. To make the results more intuitive and applicable, the CSA data were divided into five age groups and the elastography data into two. The CSA measurements included nerves of the cervical region (C5, C6, vagus), upper limb (median, ulnar, radial), and lower limb (sciatic, tibial, common peroneal, sural). Shear wave velocity (SWV) measurements were performed solely on the median nerve in the right forearm.\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      Tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the data.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The average CSA of all nerves increased with age, particularly in the sciatic, tibial, and common peroneal nerves. No sex\u2010based differences were observed in nerve CSA, which increased with weight and height. Among groups categorized by weight and height, significant differences were noted in the larger nerves, with the exception of the vagus and sural nerves. The mean median nerve SWV in this cohort was 3.48\u2009\u00b1\u20090.62\u2009m\/s, with no significant variations attributable to sex, age, height, weight, or CSA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In children, nerve CSA as measured by ultrasound changes with age, height, and weight, while median nerve SWV values remain consistent despite these variations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.70058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T14:11:30Z","timestamp":1768227090000},"page":"589-597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reference Values for Ultrasound Cross\u2010Sectional Area and Elastography of Peripheral Nerves in Healthy Children From Northern China"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1613-7290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoman","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqun","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaguang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9743-1063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14759"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000023999"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.899822","article-title":"Shear Wave Elastography in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5","volume":"13","author":"Li X.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26715"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"487","article-title":"Height and Weight Standardized Growth Charts for Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 0 to 18\u2009Years","volume":"47","author":"Li H.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.10.005"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24124","article-title":"Difference in Normal Values of Median Nerve Cross\u2010Sectional Area Between Dutch and Indian Subjects","volume":"50","author":"Walhoutvan Burg E.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Muscle & Nerve"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27773"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/11795735231195778","article-title":"Nerve Ultrasound Reference Values in Children and Adolescents: Echogenicity and Influence of Anthropometric Factors Including Hand Volume","volume":"15","author":"Yusuf I.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Central Nervous System Disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.12.404"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00303","article-title":"Normative Observational Nerve Ultrasound Values in School\u2010Age Children and Adolescents and Their Application to Hereditary Neuropathies","volume":"11","author":"Grimm A. S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26781"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23718"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24888"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.21037\/qims.2019.02.05","article-title":"Shear Wave Elastography Evaluation of the Median and Tibial Nerve in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy","volume":"9","author":"He Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5582","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-84900-8","article-title":"Preliminary Study on the Influencing Factors of Shear Wave Elastography for Peripheral Nerves in Healthy Population","volume":"11","author":"Tang X.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2014.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012956"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a\u20102589\u20108675"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.70058","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mus.70058","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.70058","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T12:47:07Z","timestamp":1773060427000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.70058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.70058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.70058","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-639X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-01-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}