{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T08:04:36Z","timestamp":1787731476772,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013669","name":"Ionis Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR), including hereditary (hATTR) and wild\u2010type (wtATTR), often presents initially as carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), often preceding systemic symptoms by several years. Ultra high\u2010resolution ultrasound (UHRUS) offers detailed visualization of peripheral nerve morphology, but its application in ATTR\u2010related CTS is unexplored. This study evaluated UHRUS features in ATTR\u2010related CTS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study enrolled 20 individuals with hATTR or wtATTR confirmed by genetic testing, biopsy, or cardiac pyrophosphate scan. Clinical evaluation included assessment for CTS symptoms and Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire scores. Electrodiagnostic studies followed AANEM guidelines to diagnose median neuropathy at the wrist. UHRUS (48\u201370\u2009MHz) assessed median nerve cross\u2010sectional area (CSA), fascicle count, flexor retinaculum, and epineural thickness, as well as characteristics of paraneural tissue and tenosynovial tissue.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Clinical CTS was present in 17 patients (85%) and was electrodiagnostically confirmed in 85% of symptomatic wrists. Median nerve cross\u2010sectional area (CSA) was significantly larger in wrists with both clinical and electrodiagnostic evidence of CTS compared to those without; however, 13 median nerves demonstrated normal CSA (&lt;\u200912\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) despite clinical CTS. Additionally, several atypical ultrasonographic findings were noted: hyperechoic areas within five median nerves, thickened and hyperechoic paraneural tissue surrounding 15 median nerves and increased echogenicity of the flexor retinaculum in two wrists.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This pilot study identified several sonographic changes in ATTR\u2010related CTS. These preliminary findings can provide a foundation for future research aimed at validating these patterns and developing a diagnostic tool to facilitate early detection in ATTR patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.70181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T08:45:27Z","timestamp":1771663527000},"page":"867-874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ultra High\u2010Resolution Ultrasound Features of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Transthyretin Amyloidosis: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0185-8618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachana K.","family":"Gandhi Mehta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3455-1591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Cartwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0611-1302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Traub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joni","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences Wake Forest University School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-020-04889-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-022-06459-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1742"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129.2015.1135792"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.07.092"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1242815"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.060852"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10127-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2018.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12574-015-0249-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-019-09796-z"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","first-page":"1585","article-title":"A Self\u2010Administered Questionnaire for the Assessment of Severity of Symptoms and Functional Status in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome","volume":"75","author":"Levine D. 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