{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T03:53:38Z","timestamp":1777953218601,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n Obesity is a well\u2010established risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), but body mass index (BMI) does not distinguish adiposity from skeletal muscle mass. The role of sarcopenia in CTS has received little attention. Sarcopenia may increase nerve vulnerability to compression. We examined whether appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) and ALMI\u2010defined sarcopenia are associated with CTS independent of BMI.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We retrospectively analyzed 193 consecutive patients aged 50\u2009years or older who underwent carpal tunnel release by a single surgeon at a tertiary center over 4\u2009years. Controls were 5665 age\u2010matched participants from the 2022\u20132023 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. ALMI\u2010defined sarcopenia was compared between groups. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to examine the association between ALMI\u2010defined sarcopenia and CTS, adjusting for BMI.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Compared with controls, CTS patients exhibited a higher prevalence of sarcopenia in both men and women (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05). The association with sarcopenia was significant across most age and sex subgroups, whereas obesity was more evident in younger age groups (50\u201369\u2009years). In multivariable models, sarcopenia showed a stronger association with CTS (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.79\u20133.22) compared with BMI (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01\u20131.10).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n In this case\u2013control study, both obesity and ALMI\u2010based sarcopenia were associated with CTS, with sarcopenia showing a stronger association. These findings suggest an association between reduced muscle mass and CTS independent of BMI. Muscle mass assessment alongside BMI may help clinicians identify at\u2010risk patients who might otherwise be overlooked by conventional obesity metrics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.70215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T01:44:00Z","timestamp":1773279840000},"page":"1032-1037","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beyond Body Mass Index: Appendicular Lean Mass Index\u2010Defined Sarcopenia and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome\u2014A Cross\u2010Sectional Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Sung Ha","family":"Chun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun Sik","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Seongnam Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572\u2010024\u201000521\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571\u2010022\u201001297\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11061674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877\u2010022\u201001697\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/791679"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357\u2010025\u201001760\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22208"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2022.0375"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"216","article-title":"\u2018Mild\u2019, \u2018Moderate\u2019, or \u2018Severe\u2019 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? Depends on Who You Ask: Analysis of Existing Classification Systems in 665 Hands","volume":"24","author":"Savage N. J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11005\/jbm.2024.31.3.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2010.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7570\/jomes23031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388\u20102457(02)00169\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.endinu.2022.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2013.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01220"}],"container-title":["Muscle & Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.70215","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mus.70215","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.70215","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T14:35:47Z","timestamp":1777905347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.70215"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.70215"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.70215","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-639X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}