{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T22:19:40Z","timestamp":1789165180670,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"The Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P3\u20100338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P3\u20100338"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"The Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P1\u20100288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P1\u20100288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"The Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["J3\u20104507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J3\u20104507"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasound (US)\u2010guided perineural injection therapy (PIT) with corticosteroids (CS) or 5% dextrose in water (D5W) is commonly used to relieve symptoms in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, comparative data beyond short\u2010term follow\u2010up are limited. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of US\u2010guided PIT using D5W and CS over a 12\u2010month follow\u2010up period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with bilateral mild to moderate CTS participated in a randomized, double\u2010blind, within\u2010subject trial. Each patient's right hand was randomly assigned to receive D5W or CS, while the contralateral hand received the alternate treatment. Primary outcomes included the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire symptom severity (BCTQs) and functional status (BCTQf) scales and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). A single US\u2010guided PIT was performed using 6\u2009mL of injectate: 5% dextrose or triamcinolone acetonide diluted with saline. Clinical assessment, nerve conduction studies, and ultrasonography were performed at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12\u2009months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty\u2010seven patients (114 hands) were included in the analysis. Both D5W and CS produced similar improvements, with the greatest symptom relief observed within the first 3 months. Clinically meaningful improvement in BCTQs was observed in approximately 50% of hands in both groups at 1 and 3\u2009months, and in 29% (D5W) and 25% (CS) at 12\u2009months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>US\u2010guided PIT with D5W and CS provides comparable clinical benefit over 12\u2009months in mild to moderate CTS, with maximal improvement occurring early after treatment. These results support D5W as a reasonable non\u2010steroidal alternative for perineural injection therapy in CTS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.70292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T10:45:26Z","timestamp":1779965126000},"page":"374-382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of Perineural Dextrose Versus Corticosteroid Injection for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Randomized, Double\u2010Blind Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Gregor","family":"Omejec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, Division of Neurology University Medical Centre Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"},{"name":"Fizioterapevtika Higher Education Institution  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesna Poto\u010dnik","family":"Tumpaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital University Medical Centre Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregor","family":"Dolinar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"},{"name":"Institute of Mathematics, Physics, and Mechanics  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2541-0172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Podnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Neurophysiology, Division of Neurology University Medical Centre Ljubljana  Ljubljana 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