{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:42:30Z","timestamp":1786632150335,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Schwann cell\u2010like cells (TMSC\u2010SCs) differentiated from human tonsil\u2010derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) secrete many factors related to nerve regeneration. This study aimed to explore the potential of TMSC\u2010SCs as a therapeutic agent for peripheral nerve regeneration using an animal model of chronic constriction injury (CCI) of peripheral nerves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, TMSCs or TMSC\u2010SCs mixed with fibrin glue were administered to the sciatic nerves of CCI rats and observed for 2\u20138\u2009weeks (Experiment 1). In addition, the mixture with fibrin glue and low\u2010 or high\u2010dose TMSC\u2010SCs (TMSC\u2010SC\u2010L or TMSC\u2010SC\u2010H) was administered to the same site and observed for 2\u20134\u2009weeks (Experiment 2). After administration, peripheral nerve and gastrocnemius muscle regeneration and recovery of motor function were confirmed through nerve conduction studies and histopathological observations. The expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers was examined after TMSC\u2010SC treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on nerve conduction studies, myelination assessments, and gastrocnemius muscle observations, the TMSC\u2010SC\u2010H\u2010treated group showed a significant regeneration effect compared with the TMSC or TMSC\u2010SC\u2010L\u2010treated group. Additionally, compared to the TMSC\u2010SC\u2010L group (M1: 1.02\u2009\u00b1\u20090.15, M2: 0.73\u2009\u00b1\u20090.06), downregulation of M1 and upregulation of M2 macrophage markers were observed in the TMSC\u2010SC\u2010H group (M1: 0.47\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03, M2: 1.04\u2009\u00b1\u20090.11) by Western blotting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results suggest that TMSC\u2010SCs could be developed as an allogeneic therapeutic agent to improve peripheral nerve regeneration in patients with peripheral nerve injury. These findings could serve as a test method to address unmet clinical needs for peripheral nerve regeneration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.70321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T02:06:02Z","timestamp":1782266762000},"page":"728-739","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Administration of Schwann Cell\u2010Like Cells Differentiated From Tonsil\u2010Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Peripheral Nerve Regeneration by Inducing Macrophage Polarization in a Chronic Constriction Injury Model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Yu Hwa","family":"Nam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji\u2010Sup","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoonji","family":"Yum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juhee","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youbeen","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaeseung","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellatoz Therapeutics Inc.  Seongnam Gyeonggi Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeyoung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung\u2010Chul","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4260.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2020.104672"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkz002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e08281"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24538"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.297786"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00245-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2026.106256"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(97)00148-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2003.10.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1172740"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.01.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.26760"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020572"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2019.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201800476R"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/FOC.2009.26.2.E4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-014-9720-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2019.04.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.3058"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17111867"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13242137"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2020.108615"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-019-02850-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000010389"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18030511"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.12.FOCUS16474"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3727\/096368915X690198"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","first-page":"3334","article-title":"Preclinical Efficacy of Peripheral Nerve Regeneration by Schwann Cell\u2010Like Cells Differentiated From Human Tonsil\u2010Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in c22 Mice","volume":"11","author":"Nam Y. 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