{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:41:51Z","timestamp":1786632111414,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014691","name":"Bat Conservation Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FP00022120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP00022120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction\/Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nerve Tape is a novel nerve coaptation device that eliminates the technical challenges of microsuturing. The device incorporates tissue\u2010engaging Nitinol microhooks within a flexible backing of decellularized porcine small intestine submucosa (SIS). Preclinical nerve injury models have demonstrated device safety and effective promotion of regeneration and recovery. Here, we further assess the impact of the device's components on nerve tissue and function, using a highly conservative model in which the device is applied to intact nerves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nerve Tape, sutures, or SIS were applied to rabbit tibial nerves in a manner simulating transection repairs but leaving the nerves intact. After three months, \u201crepaired\u201d nerves and target gastrocnemius muscles along with contralateral control nerves and muscles were evaluated for perineural scarring, inflammation, and function utilizing gross inspection, morphology measurements, electrophysiology, and histology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analysis of endpoint data, including muscle mass\/girth, nerve compound action potential (NCAP) amplitude, conduction velocity, axon counts, and g\u2010ratio revealed no significant differences between experimental or control groups (distal axon count\/g\u2010ratio: Nerve Tape 6546\u2009\u00b1\u20092300, 0.647\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04; Suture 7979\u2009\u00b1\u2009666, 0.664\u2009\u00b1\u20090.033; SIS 7537\u2009\u00b1\u20092117, 0.689\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02; control 6158\u2009\u00b1\u20091958, 0.631\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02). Gross adhesion thickness at the treatment site was higher in the Suture group versus the Nerve Tape group. Granulomas and neovascularization were most pronounced in the Suture group. Macrophage\/lymphocyte\/plasma cell presence was associated with SIS material. No additional tissue response was observed in response to Nitinol components.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nerve Tape's SIS and Nitinol microhook design maintained the health of an intact nerve with sequelae comparable to sutures or SIS without microhooks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.70346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T13:16:48Z","timestamp":1784035008000},"page":"720-727","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Conservative Safety Assessment of a Nitinol Microhook Coaptation Device on Intact Nerve"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Isaacs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Health System  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geetanjali S.","family":"Bendale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Health System  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ananya","family":"Gomatam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William &amp; Mary  Williamsburg Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5956-0585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hope T.","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Virginia Commonwealth University Health System  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Reiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Health System  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kush","family":"Savsani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Health System  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Mazur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Health System  Richmond Virginia USA"},{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Health System  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noah","family":"Clough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hand Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Health System  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.TEC.2022.0080"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.TEA.2023.0004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2024.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100030\u20101267379"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2023.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.112936"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586\u2010007\u20100329\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097\u20104636(19980905)41:3<481::aid\u2010jbm19>3.0.co;2\u2010l"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2019.108523"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5046832"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405\u2010013\u20102690\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23058"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13020185"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma8095269"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsg.2021.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2007.0264"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001193"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(84)80238-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2008.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/74651"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755\u20103768.2008.01393.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","first-page":"267","article-title":"Latero\u2010Terminal Neurorrhaphy Without Removal of the Epineural Sheath. 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