{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T15:10:41Z","timestamp":1788793841374,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DN. 1553 11.10.2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DN. 1553 11.10.2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a genetic progressive muscle disorder often presenting with facial weakness. However, imaging studies specifically evaluating facial muscle involvement and its relationship with clinical severity remain limited. This preliminary study explored magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) assessment of facial muscle involvement and correlations with clinical severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single\u2010center prospective study enrolled 12 genetically confirmed FSHD1 patients (mean age 57.8\u2009years). Clinical evaluation included the FSHD score, Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation Form (CCEF), and Facial Weakness Score (FWS). Muscle thickness of the orbicularis oris (OOr) and zygomaticus major (ZMj) was measured on both MRI and US, while MRI was additionally used for qualitative assessment of muscle bulk. Inter\u2010rater reliability was assessed for imaging measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      MRI and US showed comparable facial muscle thickness, with mean ZMj thickness of 2.34\u2009\u00b1\u20090.75\u2009mm and 2.12\u2009\u00b1\u20090.55\u2009mm, and OOr thickness of 2.28\u2009\u00b1\u20090.70\u2009mm and 2.20\u2009\u00b1\u20090.67\u2009mm, respectively. Inter\u2010rater reliability for MRI was high (ICC\u2009=\u20090.84), and reduced ZMj thickness showed moderate to strong correlation with greater disease severity (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n                      up to 0.87,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and impaired facial gestures (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.50\u20130.77,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the small sample size, MRI, and US assessment of facial muscles correlated with clinical severity and functional outcomes in FSHD, supporting their use as complementary tools. Longitudinal studies are required to establish imaging's role in monitoring changes over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.70360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T05:53:39Z","timestamp":1785995619000},"page":"1256-1262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Imaging of Facial Muscles in Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy: An Exploratory Study Comparing Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasound"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2103-3672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Pistoia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9063-3528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Faedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences (DINOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8088-2888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Macci\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1257-1226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Marcenaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8568-3428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Elena","family":"Susi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9371-4832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehrnaz","family":"Hamedani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences (DINOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Caramellino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9938-8163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Massucco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences (DINOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8829-0994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea Francesco Maria","family":"Vollaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences (DINOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3123-3512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Mandich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetic and Maternal and Infantile Sciences (DINOGMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Gotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7450-6528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Picasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9188-0028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Zaottini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino  Genoa Italy"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL) University of Genoa  Genoa 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&amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.70360","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mus.70360","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.70360","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T14:42:31Z","timestamp":1788792151000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.70360"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.70360"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.70360","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-639X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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