{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T14:26:19Z","timestamp":1770215179722,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]],"date-time":"2004-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6375,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have reviewed the electromyographic (EMG) studies of 17 patients with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO). In 13 of 17 patients, conventional concentric needle EMG demonstrated a \u201cmyopathic\u201d pattern, usually predominating in the shoulder muscles. Single\u2010fiber EMG showed increased jitter and\/or blocking in at least one muscle in 13 of 16 patients. Jitter was increased in the frontalis muscle in 10 of 13 patients and in an arm muscle in 5 of 12. When both muscles were tested, jitter was greater in the frontalis muscle in 5 patients and in the arm muscle in 2. These observations demonstrate that it may be difficult to distinguish myasthenia gravis from CPEO by EMG. The frequency with which abnormal jitter is found in CPEO suggests that, in addition to a mild generalized myopathy, a primary defect in neuromuscular transmission may be present.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880100404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T07:23:04Z","timestamp":1104564184000},"page":"299-302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Single fiber electromyography in chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"David A.","family":"Krendel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald B.","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janice M.","family":"Massey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410130620"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-468X(83)90079-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410010104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.35.1.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/98.3.473"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.16.2_Part_1.161"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410170602"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1973.00490270052008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.56.10.741"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198307213090304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","series-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci","first-page":"614","volume-title":"Recently recognized congenital myasthenic syndromes","author":"Engel AG","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"102","volume-title":"Disorders of Voluntary Muscle","author":"Gergely J","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/107.4.1165"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880080507"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1973.53.3.674","article-title":"Microphysiology of vertebrate neuromuscular transmission","volume":"53","author":"Hubbard JL","year":"1973","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","first-page":"723","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis, diagnosis by assay of serum antibodies","volume":"57","author":"Lennon VA","year":"1984","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Myasthenia Gravis","author":"Lisak RP","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1970.00480190072012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","first-page":"725","volume-title":"Walsh and Hoyt's Clinical Neuro\u2010Ophthalmology","author":"Miller NR","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.10.11.1007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.4.452"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.35.3.372"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1972.00490090019001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01675867"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410060406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1968.00480040028002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/86.1.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.29.1.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","volume-title":"Muscle Pathology and Histochemistry","author":"Sarnat HB","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.43.7.622"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","volume-title":"Single Fiber Electromyography","author":"Stalberg E","year":"1979"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; 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