{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T03:59:02Z","timestamp":1784951942933,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]],"date-time":"2004-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6130,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a genetic syndrome usually initiated by exposure to volatile anesthetic agents or depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. We have used Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010selective microelectrodes to measure in vivo the intracellular ionized calcium ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub><jats:italic>i<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>) in skeletal muscle fibers of MH\u2010susceptible swines before and during hyperthermic episodes and also after dantrolene administration. The animals were anesthetized with thiopental and fentanyl and maintained with a mixture of nitrous oxide (66%) and oxygen (34%). The malignant hyperthermic episode was triggered by exposure to halothane. Determinations of [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub><jats:italic>i<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> during the episode show an increase from 0.44 \u00b1 0.01 \u03bc<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic> \u00b1 SEM, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 20 to 8.44 \u00b1 0.68 \u03bcM (mean \u00b1 SEM, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 10). Administration of dantrolene (2 mg\/kg) during the hyperthermic episode reduces [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub><jats:italic>i<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> to 0.17 + 0.01 \u03bcM (mean \u00b1 SEM, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 10) and reverses the clinical symptoms. These results show that the MH episode is associated with an increase in the myoplasmic free Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentration and that the therapeutic effect of dantrolene is related to a decrease in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub><jats:italic>i<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880110113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T05:07:36Z","timestamp":1104556056000},"page":"82-88","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Myoplasmic free [Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>] during a malignant hyperthermia episode in swine"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jose R.","family":"L\u00f6apez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul D.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Alamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank A.","family":"Sreter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"44","article-title":"Etiology and pathology of malignant hyperthermia","volume":"39","author":"Britt BA","year":"1979","journal-title":"Fed Proc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009859"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1977.sp011731"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"601","article-title":"Verapamil is not a therapeutic adjunct to dantrolene in porcine malignant hyperthermia","volume":"64","author":"Gallant EM","year":"1985","journal-title":"Anesth Analg (Cleve)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198011000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"499","article-title":"Variations in onset of porcine malignant hyperthermia","volume":"60","author":"Gronert GA","year":"1981","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197601000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"204","volume-title":"Nonparametric Statistical Methods. Based on Ranks","author":"Lehmann EL","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(83)84316-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880080502"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"85","article-title":"[Ca2+]i in muscles of malignant hyperthermia pigs determined in vivo with Ca2+\u2010selective microelectrodes","volume":"9","author":"L\u00f3pez JR","year":"1986","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"563a","article-title":"Calcium regulation by skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum and sarcolemma vesicles isolated from malignant hyperthermia susceptible pigs","volume":"49","author":"Mickelson JR","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"138","article-title":"The mechanism of action of dantrolene sodium","volume":"201","author":"Morgan KG","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5913.241"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"321","article-title":"Calcium movements in relation to muscle contracture","volume":"22","author":"Taylor SR","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc West Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(80)90205-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.959824"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmus.880110113","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmus.880110113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.880110113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T23:59:05Z","timestamp":1697846345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.880110113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.880110113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.880110113","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-639X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,1]]}}}