{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T05:16:11Z","timestamp":1780636571995,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]],"date-time":"2004-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4213,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We searched for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in fresh\u2010frozen muscle biopsy specimens from 10 patients with HIV\u2010associated polymyositis (HIV\u2010PM) using (a) <jats:sup>35<\/jats:sup>S\u2010labeled HIV\u2010RNA transcript of the virus and in situ hybridization, and (b) polymerase chain reaction and slot\u2010blot hybridization utilizing primers amplifying sequences from the <jats:italic>gag<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>pol<\/jats:italic> genes of the HIV genome. With in situ hybridization, positive signals were detected in sparse lymphoid cells surrounding the muscle fibers, but not within the muscle fibers, in up to two consecutive sections in 6 of the 10 specimens. By the polymerase chain reaction, amplified HIV\u2010specific sequences were noted in 2 specimens, but in only 2 of 8 consecutive sections, implying infection of lymphoid cells rather than muscle fibers. Muscle cultures from six specimens failed to show integrated HIV sequences within the myotubes. We conclude that HIV sequences or transcriptional products are not present within the muscle fibers or the cultured myotubes of patients with HIV\u2010PM. This indicates that: (a) viral replication does not take place within the muscle; (b) integration of HIV proviral genome does not occur within the myonuclei or satellite cells; and (c) HIV\u2010PM does not seem to be due to a persistent infection of the muscle fiber by the virus. \u00a9 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880160411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T08:10:28Z","timestamp":1104567028000},"page":"408-413","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Search for HIV proviral DNA and amplified sequences in the muscle biopsies of patients with HIV polymyositis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Leon\u2010Monzon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lajos","family":"Lamperth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marinos C.","family":"Dalakas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410160206"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.25.1.58"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1650034"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.256.17.2381"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410230713"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199004193221602"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199111213252107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.36.4.569"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"375","article-title":"Abnormal muscle mitochondria induced by AZT in vitro and in an animal model: morphological, enzymatic and oxygen\u2010consumption studies","volume":"41","author":"Dalakas M","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"301","article-title":"Immunopathology of HTLV\u2010I\u2010associated\u2010polymyositis (HTLV\u2010PM): studies in 6 patients","volume":"42","author":"Dalakas M","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","volume-title":"Neuropathology and ophthalmologic pathology of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome","author":"De Girolami U","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3277274"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880150108"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410290505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3016903"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","first-page":"288","volume-title":"Genetic prediction of hemophilia A. PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications","author":"Kogan SC","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"211","article-title":"Infection and transfection of human muscle by HIV or HIV proviral\u2010DNA construct","volume":"41","author":"Lamperth L","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1988.00520340038008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3201255"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","volume-title":"Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual","author":"Maniatis T"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3336784"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","first-page":"815","volume-title":"Procedures in Nucleic Acid Research","author":"Richardson CC","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2999980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410240114"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880100407"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-0934(87)90052-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00500614"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; Nerve"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmus.880160411","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mus.880160411","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T21:13:04Z","timestamp":1698181984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.880160411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mus.880160411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mus.880160411","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-639X","1097-4598"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-639X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4598","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,4]]}}}