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Pathologically and epidemiologically, the LMN hypothesis is more logical than the UMN in light of the recent understanding of neuroaxonal transport systems, particularly in regard to anterograde cytoskeleton transport and the kinetics of the force promoting slow axonal transport. By correlating the early pathologic findings, i.e., the swelling of the initial axons and formation of intracytoplasmic inclusions in the LMN, ALS may be regarded as a disease of axonal transport, especially its slow component (SCa). Therapeutic intervention to facilitate SCa should be attempted in ALS. \u00a9 1993 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880160810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T08:14:30Z","timestamp":1104567270000},"page":"864-869","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["Issues &amp; Opinions: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Lower motor neuron disease spreading to upper motor neurons"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Samuel M.","family":"Chou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Forbes H.","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410100602"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"15","article-title":"R\u00e9cherches sur une maladie non encore d\u00e9crite du systeme musculaire (atrophie musculaire progressive)","volume":"24","author":"Aran F\u2010A","year":"1850","journal-title":"Arch G\u00e9n M\u00e9d"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.1.172"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1982.00510150025006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.38.10.1596"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.37.5.738"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"521","volume-title":"Advances in Neurology","author":"Brooks BR","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.33.3.338"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.18.9.841"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","volume-title":"Lectures on the Localization of Cerebral and Spinal Diseases at the Faculty of Medicine of Paris (1876)","author":"Charcot J\u2010M","year":"1883"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"190","volume-title":"Oeuvres completes de J\u2010M Charcot","author":"Charcot J\u2010M","year":"1887"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","author":"Chou SM","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-198305000-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","unstructured":"ChouSM: Chronic IDPN poisoning of monkey as a model for ALS: a pathogenetic consideration based on perikaryal pathology.J Neurotoxicol (Proc IInd Int Cong Neurotoxicol)1983b;5."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-198705000-00137"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","article-title":"Notoneuron inclusions in ALS are heavily ubiquitinated","volume":"47","author":"Chou SM","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","unstructured":"ChouSM:Neuropathology of upper motor neurons in ALS.Proceedings of the XIth International Congress Neuropathology. 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