{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T08:00:50Z","timestamp":1778832050602,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]],"date-time":"2004-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3848,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Body components were measured noninvasively in patients with neuromuscular disease by using dual\u2010energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry (DXA), capable of separately analyzing fat, bone, and muscle content. In all patients with muscle atrophy of myogenic or neurogenic origin, muscle mass was markedly reduced. Although all three components (fat, muscle, and bone) were decreased in neurogenic atrophy patients, fat mass alone was increased significantly in myogenic atrophy patients. The fat\/muscle ratio (f\/m) was significantly higher in myogenic atrophy patients than in the normal controls and neurogenic atrophy patients. The higher f\/m ratio in myogenic atrophy patients seems to reflect a marked fat infiltration into atrophied skeletal muscles of patients with primary muscular disease. Using DXA, it is possible to distinguish clearly between myogenic atrophy from neurogenic atrophy, opening the way to an evaluation of the severity of quantitative and qualitative muscle changes in neuromuscular disease. \u00a9 1994 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880170411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T02:17:24Z","timestamp":1104545844000},"page":"431-435","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Dual\u2010energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry in neuromuscular diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Fumio","family":"Kanda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuo","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00339869","article-title":"Computed tomography of the human skeletal muscular system","volume":"17","author":"Bulcke JAL","year":"1979","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)92635-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-70-5-1330"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-097X.1991.tb00662.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"1289","article-title":"Detection of pathological change in dystrophic muscle with B\u2010scan ultrasound imaging","author":"Heckmatt JZ","year":"1980","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1991.tb02997.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"237","article-title":"Sonography of the musculoskeletal system","volume":"155","author":"Kaplan PA","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(72)90027-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/51.6.1106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"565","article-title":"MRI of normal and pathological skeletal muscle","volume":"146","author":"Murphy WA","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-197710000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","unstructured":"RobertsN Cruz\u2010OriveLM ReidN BrodieD BourneM EdwardsRHT:Unbiased estimation of whole body composition in man by Cavarieri's method using magnetic resonance imaging. 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