{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:22:12Z","timestamp":1790626932186,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]],"date-time":"2004-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3848,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Muscle and Nerve"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>After dystrophic damage, the limb muscles of the mdx mouse recover very effectively compared to muscles in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients. Since thyroid hormone is required for muscle development and integrity, we examined whether a deficiency of the hormone, induced by 0.05% propylthiouracil (PTU) in drinking water over 8 weeks, would be deleterious to the myogenesis and muscle repair in control and mdx mice. Measured metabolic and growth parameters confirmed hypothyroidism in PTU\u2010treated mice. Histological and morphometric techniques were used to study myogenesis and the repair of the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) after crush injury in mdx mice and their nondystrophic controls (C57B1\/10ScSn). After 8 weeks, PTU\u2010treated TA from mdx mice had larger crush sites and lower myotube density than TA in untreated mdx mice. In unoperated mdx TA, there was a larger proportionate area of active dystrophy and smaller fiber diameter in PTU\u2010treated than in untreated mdx TA, which suggested that PTU increased the activity of dystrophy as well. In contrast, in control TA neither the regeneration of myotubes or fiber diameter were affected significantly by PTU. Therefore, these results suggest that mdx muscle regeneration is more affected by hypothyroidism than normal muscle repair. This may be due to the larger pool of muscle precursors in mdx than control muscle, and a possible impairment of precursor cell proliferation or fusion during myotube formation. \u00a9 1994 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880170413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T02:17:24Z","timestamp":1104545844000},"page":"444-453","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["The effects of altered metabolism (hypothyroidism) on muscle repair in the mdx dystrophic mouse"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"L. M.","family":"McIntosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. N.","family":"Pernitsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judy E.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092190305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01738755"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-1606(05)80010-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/o91-124"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880140311"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"107","article-title":"Comparison of basic fibroblast growth factor in X\u2010linked dystrophin\u2010deficient myopathies of human, dog and mouse","volume":"9","author":"Anderson JE","year":"1993","journal-title":"Growth Factors"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880170109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(86)90003-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.4.1189"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1988.tb00866.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(87)90423-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880070903"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880060807"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711530110"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00218947"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00224122"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880150508"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(87)90579-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3945800"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Molecular Biology of the Cardiovascular System","author":"Izumo S","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880110802"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","first-page":"206a","article-title":"Satellite cells in the soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles of rats","volume":"67","author":"Kelly AM","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","first-page":"189","article-title":"Effect of thyroidectomy on histochemical properties of the extensor digitorum longus and soleus in rats","volume":"31","author":"Matoba H","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Phys Fitness Jpn"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/360588a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01239972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00384736"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","first-page":"R401","article-title":"Evidence for a direct action of thyroid hormone in specifying muscle properties","volume":"242","author":"Nwoye L","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880040306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1091800405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00220299"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092010303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-197609000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01233096"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(91)90309-U"}],"container-title":["Muscle &amp; 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