{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T13:14:13Z","timestamp":1778850853239,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LZ24F050001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LZ24F050001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62305367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62305367"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nanophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    We report integrated mode\u2010 and polarization\u2010division multiplexing components on a high\u2010index\u2010contrast Ge\n                    <jats:sub>28<\/jats:sub>\n                    Sb\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    Se\n                    <jats:sub>60<\/jats:sub>\n                    (GeSbSe) chalcogenide\u2010glass\u2010loaded thin\u2010film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platform operating across the 1500\u20131570\u00a0nm wavelength range. By leveraging the direction\u2010dependent birefringence of x\u2010cut LNOI together with the strong optical confinement provided by the GeSbSe overlayer, we experimentally demonstrate a four\u2010channel mode (de)multiplexer (MDM) and an asymmetric\u2010directional\u2010coupler\u2010based polarization splitter\u2013rotator (PSR). Over the full band, the MDM achieves insertion losses below 0.97, 0.31, 2.36, and 3.21\u00a0dB for the TE\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2013TE\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    channels, with intermodal crosstalk better than \u221218.3, \u221219.2, \u221214.9, and \u221216.3\u00a0dB, respectively. The PSR exhibits insertion losses of 1.67\u00a0dB (TM\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    input) and 1.81\u00a0dB (TE\n                    <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                    input), together with extinction ratios exceeding 20.7 and 31.6\u00a0dB. These results validate GeSbSe\u2010on\u2010LNOI as a scalable platform for broadband low\u2010loss multidimensional multiplexing in high\u2010capacity photonic integrated circuits.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nap2.70115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T08:14:24Z","timestamp":1777968864000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mode and Polarization Division Multiplexing Based on Chalcogenide\u2010Glass\u2010on\u2010Thin\u2010Film Lithium Niobate"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zhexi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yelu","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University  Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingxuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2050-0179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peipeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University  Ningbo China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai 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