{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T04:19:39Z","timestamp":1788322779902,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nanophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC), which dissipates heat through infrared emission to outer space while reflecting solar radiation, represents a promising strategy for reducing energy consumption in cooling technologies. Here, a template\u2010assisted strategy is introduced to fabricate nanostructured polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) radiative coolers via polymer infiltration into three\u2010dimensional anodic aluminum oxide (3D\u2010AAO) nanoporous templates. The optical properties and cooling performance of the 3D\u2010PVDF nanostructures are investigated with and without the AAO template. To tune the crystalline phase composition and its influence on optical response, three post\u2010infiltration cooling methods\u2014natural, fast, and ultra\u2010fast\u2014are applied. A UV treatment further enhances solar reflectance through photo\u2010oxidation\u2010induced whitening. The optimized free\u2010standing 3D\u2010PVDF obtained via ultra\u2010fast cooling exhibits an average solar reflectance of 82.4% (0.32\u20132.5\u00a0\u03bcm) and an infrared emissivity of 96.7% within the 8\u201313\u00a0\u03bcm atmospheric window. These properties correspond to a theoretical daytime cooling power density of 182.3\u00a0W\u00a0m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    under a solar irradiance of 1000\u00a0W\u00a0m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Outdoor measurements demonstrate a daytime temperature reduction of 12.9\u00b0C under peak solar irradiance of 962\u00a0W\u00a0m\n                    <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                    relative to an empty reference box. This work establishes a scalable strategy for engineering three\u2010dimensional polymer nanostructures for high\u2010performance radiative cooling and energy\u2010efficient building technologies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nap2.70183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T13:30:47Z","timestamp":1782739847000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Template\u2010Assisted 3D\u2010PVDF Nanonetworks for Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Amaia","family":"Iglesias\u2010Elcano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Micro y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMN\u2010CNM, CSIC (CEI UAM+CSIC)  Tres Cantos Madrid 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