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However, the state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art solution based on antenna array requires transmit\/receive (T\/R) modules per radiating element, causing exponential cost scaling and high power consumption. While reconfigurable metasurfaces have been demonstrated to enable real\u2010time beam scanning in prior works, they can only adjust beam direction and lack the ability to tune energy distribution across different distances. This paper presents a theory for space\u2010time\u2010coding metasurface (STCM) enabled spatiotemporal energy auto\u2010scanning. By applying identical time\u2010varying modulation signals with time delays to each column of the STCM, the reflected energy distribution can be made angle\u2010range\u2010time\u2010dependent. Based on this principle, a novel positioning system is designed, enabling decoupled estimation of a target's angle and distance relative to the metasurface. For experimental validation, a 2\u2010bit metasurface prototype is fabricated and tested. Experimental results align with theoretical analysis, confirming STCM's functional efficacy and deployment potential for applications in radar detection, wireless communications, and related fields.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nap2.70204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T07:50:16Z","timestamp":1784188216000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Space\u2010Time\u2010Coding Metasurfaces Enabling Programmable Range\u2010Angle\u2010Dependent Energy Auto\u2010Scanning"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7858-4217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuzhen","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE) Fudan University  Shanghai 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