{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T05:00:39Z","timestamp":1755925239895},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,25]],"date-time":"2004-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1093392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":237,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>To investigate the repeatability of a short stress test of coughing and jumping (the expanded Paper Towel Test (PTT)) to quantify urine loss in stress incontinent adult women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>In the laboratory, the reliability of two methods of measuring the size of the wet area, produced by a typical volume of water titrated onto paper towel was investigated and some absorbency properties of the brand of towel used were quantified. Thirty one women performed a provocative coughing and jumping test on consecutive days using a \u201cperineal pad\u201d of paper towel. The repeatability coefficient was calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The provocative test was repeatable to within 2.8 ml of urine loss, but with the exclusion of one anomalous result, the repeatability improved to lie within 1 ml. The coefficient of variation (CV) for the between\u2010method differences (computer scanning and graph paper) was 1.27%. A volume of 1 ml of water produced a wet area of 25.7 cm2<\/jats:sup>. The range of measurable areas corresponded to volumes of 0.005\u20138 ml. Standardization of method is required because the size of the wet area differed by manufacturer of paper towel (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.01, two products compared) and with time elapsed since titration (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>The \u201cexpanded PTT\u201d is a simple tool for quantification of urine loss (0.005\u20138 ml) in women to 72 years with stress incontinence. With a suggested modification, it should prove reliable for detection of between\u2010visit differences of 1 ml. The reliability of the test is dependent upon the use of standard protocol and paper towel with known volume\u2013area ratio. To improve clinical diagnosis, it can also be used with any brand of paper towel to confirm the sign of stress incontinence on exertion. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,25]],"date-time":"2004-08-25T19:03:28Z","timestamp":1093460608000},"page":"649-655","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Expanded paper towel test: An objective test of urine loss for stress incontinence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Patricia","family":"Neumann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leigh","family":"Blizzard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Grimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function","volume":"14","author":"Abrams P","year":"1988","journal-title":"Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.10052"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029900800204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1991.tb15217.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1998.tb02721.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(98)00045-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"58p","volume-title":"Foundations of clinical research","author":"Portney LG","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001920050028"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-3569-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"Pad weighing tests: The best way to quantify urine loss in patients with incontinence","volume":"166","author":"Siltberg H","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Supplement"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)92299-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(98)00097-0"}],"container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fnau.20064","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nau.20064","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T17:16:41Z","timestamp":1700500601000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/nau.20064"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/nau.20064"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nau.20064","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-2467","1520-6777"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-2467","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6777","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]}}}