{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T18:51:24Z","timestamp":1785783084312,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,7]],"date-time":"2007-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1189123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies have shown cognitive problems in adults treated with anticholinergics. It is unclear if children are also susceptible to anticholinergic adverse effects. This study evaluates the effects of long\u2010acting oxybutynin and tolterodine on short\u2010term memory and attention in children with urgency and urge incontinence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children with urgency or urge incontinence were recruited to take part in a prospective, randomized double\u2010blinded placebo controlled trial using long\u2010acting oxybutynin or tolterodine. Patients underwent a baseline test of their memory\/recall ability and attention span using a standardized developmental\/neuropsychological assessment tool. They were then randomized to either medication or placebo with retesting in 2 weeks, at which time they were crossed. They were retested after the second 2 weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen childrens (9 boys and 5 girls), ranging in age from 5 to 11 (M\u2009=\u20097.7) participated in the study. Attention and Memory scores increased over time in all children, however, the analyses showed no significant negative effects of anticholinergic medications on Attention or Memory. Indeed, though not statistically significant, trends were for improvement in test scores in both areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results in a double blinded cross\u2010over trial suggest that long\u2010acting oxybutynin and tolterodine do not have a deleterious effect on children's attention and memory. Other cognitive functions may be affected. Neurourol. 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