{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T10:04:13Z","timestamp":1778493853149,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,23]],"date-time":"2012-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Health","award":["DOH100-TD-C-111-008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DOH100-TD-C-111-008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome (IC\/BPS) is a prevalent disorder that may contribute to bladder cancer (BC). This cohort study set out to investigate the association between IC\/BPS and BC by using a population\u2010based dataset.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data for this study were sourced from the Taiwan National Health Insurance program. The case cohort comprised 7,562 patients with IC\/BPS, and 22,686 randomly selected subjects were used as a comparison cohort. A Cox proportional hazards regression model (stratified by age group, geographic location, urbanization level, and the index year) was constructed to estimate the risk of subsequent BC following a diagnosis of IC\/BPS. We also ran the analysis utilizing an alternative comparison cohort composed of patients with urinary incontinence (UI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the study sample of 30,248 patients, 96 patients (0.32%) received a diagnosis of BC during the 3\u2010year follow\u2010up period; 48 (0.63% of patients with IC\/BPS) were from the study cohort; and 48 (0.21% of patients without IC\/BPS) were from the comparison cohort. The incidence rate of BC was 2.12 (95% CI: 1.58\u20132.78) per 1,000 person\u2010years in patients with IC\/BPS and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.52\u20130.92) per 1,000 person\u2010years in comparison patients. Cox proportional analysis revealed that the adjusted HR for BC during the 3\u2010year follow\u2010up period for patients with IC\/BPS was 2.95 (95% CI: 1.97\u20134.41) that of comparison subjects. When performing the analysis with the alternative UI comparison cohort, the adjusted HR for BC was 1.96 (95% CI: 1.14\u20133.39).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This investigation detected a novel association between BC and prior IC\/BPS. Neurourol. 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