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This activity is in turn controlled by neural circuits in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral ganglia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This paper will review recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of voiding disorders, especially focusing on the central nervous system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Various neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, excitatory and inhibitory amino acids, adenosine triphosphate, nitric oxide, and neuropeptides, have been implicated in the neural regulation of the lower urinary tract.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Injuries or diseases of the nervous system, as well as drugs and disorders of the peripheral organs, can produce voiding dysfunctions such as urinary frequency, urgency, or incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We discuss the potential targets in the central nervous system and new modalities for the treatment of voiding dysfunction.\n                      <jats:italic>Neurourol. Urodynam. 33:59\u201366, 2014<\/jats:italic>\n                      . \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,5]],"date-time":"2013-07-05T12:41:04Z","timestamp":1373028064000},"page":"59-66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Central nervous targets for the treatment of bladder dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Naoki","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Miyazato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh 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