{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T16:53:22Z","timestamp":1773680002086,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,7]],"date-time":"2014-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"SOLFA"},{"name":"Leuven University Medical Development Lumos"},{"name":"Unifos Fund, KU Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Federation Virgo Fidelis, Kisantu, DR Congo"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the profile of classification, etiology, and the relation between initial classification, and the results of vesicovaginal fistula surgery in a district hospital in DR Congo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was based on the analysis of all consecutive patients being treated for VVF in Kisantu between November 2006 and November 2012. The fistula was classified according to the classification of Waaldijk. The location of VVF and degree of fibrosis were noted. Post\u2010operatively, the first examination of patients took place a few days after catheter removal and subsequent review 2\u20133 months later.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Statistical analysis was done in Graphpad Prism 6.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 146 patients with VVF, 117 had a primary fistula. The majority of fistula was type I (56%) followed by type III (21%). The majority underwent a caesarean section (63.4%). The mean duration of labor was 30.7\u2009hr. Delay in getting a caesarean in time was due to difficulties in reaching the hospital in 55%. Overall, the closure rate after the first surgical treatment was 65%. The continence rate of the patients with a successful closure was 63%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>VVF can occur after caesarean section because of the prolonged labor that already causes ischemia and necrosis of the bladder wall and vesicovaginal septum before or while the caesarean section is being performed. Access to general hospitals and the management of the pregnant women needs to be improved. Despite a reasonable closure rate of 65%, post\u2010fistula incontinence remains an important clinical problem. <jats:italic>Neurourol. Urodynam. 34:434\u2013437, 2015<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,7]],"date-time":"2014-04-07T10:30:54Z","timestamp":1396866654000},"page":"434-437","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Obstetric fistula in a district hospital in DR Congo: Fistula still occur despite access to caesarean section"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Matthieu Nkumu","family":"Loposso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Urology Division Kinshasa University Hospital Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Ndundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology Saint Luc Hospital Kisantu Democratic Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunter","family":"De Win","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University Hospital Antwerp Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dieter","family":"Ost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology St. Blasius Hospital Dendermonde Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augustin Maole","family":"Punga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Urology Division Kinshasa University Hospital Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"De Ridder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University Hospitals KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"1419","volume-title":"Incontinence","author":"De Ridder D","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0b013e32832ae1b7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-200507001-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2006.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(03)00222-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-007-0426-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)90226-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5539\/gjhs.v4n5p40"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610701709825"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016341003801698"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181d012cd"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01443619750114194"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"525","article-title":"Obstetric fistula in rural Ethiopia","volume":"84","author":"Muleta M","year":"2007","journal-title":"East Afr Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-199609000-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"87","volume-title":"Obstetric fistula in the developing world","author":"De Ridder D","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-012-1671-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.11.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"1527","volume-title":"Incontinence","author":"De Ridder D","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2011.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","unstructured":"WaaldijkK.National VVF project in Nigeria. 25 years of obstetric fistula surgery 1984\u20132008. Katsina Nigeria: 2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2012.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1479-666X(07)80113-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2005.14.839"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00080.x"}],"container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fnau.22601","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fnau.22601","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nau.22601","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T15:53:49Z","timestamp":1696607629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/nau.22601"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,7]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/nau.22601"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nau.22601","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-2467","1520-6777"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-2467","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6777","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,7]]}}}